行政诉讼中必要参加诉讼第三人权利救济制度之完善  

The Perfection of the Relief System of the Requisite Third Party’s Rights in Administrative Litigation

作　　者：黄学贤[1] HUANG Xuexian(Kenneth Wang School of Law,Soochow University,Suzhou Jiangsu 215006,China)

机构地区：[1]苏州大学王健法学院,江苏苏州215006

出　　处：《法学论坛》2020年第3期48-54,共7页Legal Forum

基　　金：教育部哲学社会科学重大课题攻关项目《新时期改革与法治关系实证研究》(17JD004)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：行政诉讼中对必要参加诉讼第三人的权利救济,虽然在修改前后的《行政诉讼法》及其相应司法解释中都有涉及,但是无论在实体还是在程序方面,均存在较多的问题。这不仅给必要参加诉讼第三人的权利救济带来一定的困难,也成为许多行政案件案结事未了,甚至行政案件申诉、上访、信访率高的重要原因之一。要建立起一套完整的行政诉讼必要参加诉讼第三人权利救济制度体系,以下几个问题值得关注:必要参加诉讼第三人申请参加诉讼未获准,应当赋予其上诉权;没有申请参加诉讼,法院应当通知其参加;遗漏必要参加诉讼第三人的案件,二审法院并非一律发回重审;应赋予被遗漏的必要参加诉讼第三人提起再审之诉的权利;应当赋予必要参加诉讼第三人管辖异议权;必要参加诉讼第三人在终审前都可以参与诉讼程序;参照原被告举证责任完善必要参加诉讼第三人的举证责任制度;强化行政诉讼生效裁判执行中必要参加诉讼第三人的权利保障。In the administrative litigation,although the right relief of the requisite third party is involved in the administrative litigation law and its corresponding judicial interpretation before and after the amendment,there are many problems in both the entity and the procedure.This not only brings some difficulties to the relief of the rights of the requisite third party who must participate in the litigation,but also becomes one of the important reasons why so many cases cannot be really settled by the judgments and the rate of appeal and petition keeps high.In order to set up a complete system of relief for the rights of the requisite third party,the following problems should be concerned:if the third party who is necessary to participate in the litigation has not been allowed to participate in the litigation,he should be given the right to appeal;the court shall notify the requisite third party to participate in the litigation if he has not applied for participation in the litigation;it is not necessary for the appellate court to remand all the cases that have omitted the requisite third party for a retrial;the appellate court shall give the omitted requisite third party the right to file a retrial;the appellate court shall give the requisite third party the right of objection to jurisdiction;the requisite third party can participate in the litigation before the final trial;and according to the burden of proof of the plaintiff and the defendant,we should perfect the burden of proof system of the requisite third party,and strengthen the protection of the rights of the requisite third party in the enforcement of the effective judgments of administrative litigation.

关 键 词：行政诉讼 必要参加诉讼第三人 权利救济 

分 类 号：D915.4[政治法律—诉讼法学]