基于信息结构的无定式把字句分析  

Information Structure and Indefinite Sentence of"ba"

作　　者：刘欣朋 LIU Xin-peng(School of Preparatory Education,Beijing Language and Culture University,Beijing 100086,China;School of International Education,North China Electric Power University Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学预科教育学院,北京100086 [2]华北电力大学国际教育学院,北京102206

出　　处：《华北电力大学学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期108-115,共8页Journal of North China Electric Power University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：北京语言大学博士研究生科研培育计划资助项目(17YPY011)。

摘　　要：无定式把字句是指把的宾语为“一量名”短语的把字句,对这种句式有多种解释。把字句对宾语要求有定,本质上是由汉语“旧信息+新信息”的信息结构决定的。把字句宾语的有定不在于形式,而应该放在更大的语境中考量,把字句宾语的所指通常是交际双方知道的旧信息,不具备足够的交际价值,所以要前提,从而将信息更新、更具交际价值的谓词成分置于句后进行传递。在多种语用因素的作用下,“一量名”具有旧信息的特质,交际价值小于谓词性成分,同样需要前置。Indefinite sentence of"ba"is a kind of sentence with"one+classifer+NP"structure as objective.Definite objective of"ba"sentence is fundamentally caused by information structure of"old+new".The nature of definite objective is putting old information with low communicative value forward to spotlight predicate components with high communicative value.As a result of various pragmatic factors,"one+classifer+NP"structure may have the feature of old information,they need to be put forward to spotlight predicate components with higher communicative value.

关 键 词：无定式把字句 信息结构 交际价值 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]