葡萄越冬冻害研究现状及发展趋势  

Research status and development of grape wintering freeze injury

作　　者：李娜 张晓煜[1] 王静[1] LI Na;ZHANG Xiaoyu;WANG Jing(Key Laboratory for Meteorological Disaster Monitoring and Early Warning and Risk Management of Characteristic Agriculture in Arid Regions/Ningxia Key Lab of Meteorological Disaster Prevention and Reduction,Yinchuan 750002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局旱区特色农业气象灾害监测预警与风险管理重点实验室/宁夏气象防灾减灾重点实验室,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《中外葡萄与葡萄酒》2020年第3期50-54,共5页Sino-Overseas Grapevine & Wine

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2018BFH03012)。

摘　　要：越冬冻害是制约葡萄与葡萄酒产业发展的主要限制性因素。研究表明,近年来中国北方遭受越冬冻害比较频繁,不同品种的抗寒性差异较大,采用砧木嫁接技术可提高葡萄的抗寒性。通过可溶性蛋白、相对电导率、酶活性、可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量等指标衡量葡萄枝条和根系的抗寒能力,亦可通过选育抗寒能力高的品种、合理栽培以及特殊的保温材料覆盖来预防葡萄遭受越冬冻害,保障葡萄安全越冬。Overwintering freeze injury is the main limiting factor for the development of grape and wine industry.The research showed that northern of China had suffered more frequent overwintering frost damage,the cold resistance of different varieties was quite different,rootstock grafting could improve the cold resistance of grape.The cold resistance of grape branches and roots was measured by soluble protein,relative conductivity,enzyme activity,soluble sugar and free proline content.It could also prevent the grape suffering from the winter freeze injury by breeding varieties with high cold resistance,reasonable cultivation and special heat preservation materials covering.

关 键 词：酿酒葡萄 越冬冻害 抗寒性 机理 进展 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]