《说文解字》蕴涵鼠之文化镜像与民族秘史探赜  

Exploring Cultural Mirror Images and Ethnic Secret History of the Rodent Words in Origin of Chinese Characters

作　　者：黄交军 李国英 HUANG Jiao-jun;LI Guo-Ying(School of Culture&Media,Guiyang University,Guiyang 550005,China;Qingyan Guihuang Middle,Guiyang 550027,China)

机构地区：[1]贵阳学院文化传媒学院,贵州贵阳550005 [2]贵阳市青岩贵璜中学,贵州贵阳550027

出　　处：《广州广播电视大学学报》2020年第2期42-52,109,共12页Journal of Guangzhou Open University

基　　金：2018年度国家社科基金西部项目“西南地区少数民族媒体语言生活调查研究”(项目编号:18CYY020);2016年度贵州省教育厅高校人文社会科学研究项目“文化人类学视野下的身份困惑与民族秘史--话说贵州穿青族的前世今生”(项目编号:2016ZC011);贵阳学院院级项目立项资助课题“《说文解字》与中国先民生态文化研究”(课题编号:10976200903)。

摘　　要：鼠在时下话语评价体系中处于鄙称贬义,其实远非历史真相全貌。穷尽《说文》鼠类字汇进行文化解读,探赜出老鼠家族成员繁多,先民对鼠类动物观察细致,并建构起一个生机勃勃、井然有序的鼠类动物世界,进而发现老鼠曾是人类的衣食父母,给予先民诸多启迪,为古人所敬畏,且奉作十二生肖之首,成为中华民族的文化符号与精神象征。究其因,非民间故事老鼠比赛巧胜、禽兽足趾与阴阳五行附会、鼠咬天开创世神话等三说,而是因鼠兼具众多优势使它脱颖而出,乃上古部落动物崇拜尤其是生殖崇拜的重要观物取法对象,与古代中国《周易》为代表的"生生不息"生命精神完美暗合。进一步通过"鸟鼠同穴"现象对目前全国乃至全球面临新型冠状病毒危机提供有益生态启示与哲学借鉴。The term mouse is derogatory in the current discourse evaluation system, which is far from the overall perspective of historical truth. Exhaustively searching for the cultural interpretation of all the words about mice in Origin of Chinese Characters, we find that there are various members in the mouse family, and the ancestors observed the rodents carefully, which constructed a dynamic and orderly the rodent world. Furthermore, we discover that the mice were once the ones humans replied on for living,and were revered by the ancients, who constructed a lot of images around this animal. It is considered as the head of the twelve Chinese zodiacs, a cultural sign and spiritual symbol of the Chinese nation. The reason for this is that it is the important object of animal worship, especially reproduction worship in the ancient tribes and various advantages that make mice stand out, rather than these three parlances :The mouse,a smart winner from an ancient folktale;A farfetched analogy that animal’s toes quite match the Chinese Yin-yang and five elements theory, and legend has that mice bite the sky and create the world and so on. It perfectly coincides with the life spirit of endless vitality represented by the ancient Chinese classical books of Book of Change. What’s more, the phenomenon of birds and mice exit harmoniously in the same burrow provides beneficial ecological enlightenment and philosophical experience reference to the current novel coronavirus crisis all over the world. In a word, the hard process that mice exist the Cathaysian region together with the human beings is in fact a graceful idyllic pastoral,a realistic long narrative poem and a rigorous ethnic secret history of the unity of the heaven, the earth and humans about the Chinese nation.

关 键 词：鼠 《说文解字》 文化镜像 民族秘史 生殖崇拜 

分 类 号：H161[语言文字—汉语]