南京市3~6岁入托幼儿营养状况与身体活动现状分析  

Nutritional status and physical activity of children aged 3-6,Nanjing

作　　者：丁小燕[1] DING Xiao-yan(Sanjiang University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210012,China)

机构地区：[1]三江学院,江苏南京210012

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2020年第9期1603-1606,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省学生体质健康促进研究中心课题(2018B026)。

摘　　要：目的了解南京市入托幼儿营养状况与身体活动行为现状,为幼儿营养配餐和健康干预提供参考。方法采用整群抽样的方法,选取南京市五所幼儿园的小、中、大班的350名幼儿进行问卷调查和ActiGraph GT3x+三轴加速度传感器测量。结果幼儿营养不良患病率为4.75%,低体重患病率为6.10%,超重患病率为12.88%,肥胖患病率为18.64%,大班男女幼儿肥胖分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);幼儿有24.35%的每天进行课外锻炼、20.78%的周末基本不锻炼、29.58%的步行上学、23.47%的屏幕时间≥2小时、23.43%的未参与体育兴趣班和41.58%的没有完全生活自理,大班男女幼儿每天进行课外锻炼分布有差异(P<0.05),大班男幼儿步行上学比例高于女幼儿(P<0.05),男女幼儿的生活自理分布有差异(P<0.05);加速传感器测试显示男幼儿中高强度身体活动时间高于女幼儿(P<0.05),男幼儿平均每天能量消耗和平均每小时能量消耗均高于女幼儿(P<0.05)。结论南京市入托幼儿营养状况不容乐观,营养不良、低体重、超重及肥胖同时并存,部分入托幼儿良好的身体活动行为习惯还未养成。Objective To understand the nutritional status and physical activity behavior of nursery children in Nanjing, and to provide reference for nutritional meals and health intervention. Methods Using cluster sampling method, 350 children from five kindergartens were selected for questionnaire survey and ActGraph GT3 x + triaxial accelerometer measurement. Results The prevalence of malnutrition, low weight, overweight and obesity in children was 4.75%, 6.10%, 12.88% and 18.64%, respectively. The proportion of obesity in male children was higher than that in female children(P<0.05);24.35% of the children take extra-curricular exercise every day, 20.78% do not exercise on weekends, 29.58% walk to school, 23.47% screen time more than 2 hours, 23.43% do not participate in sports interest classes and 41.58% do not take full care of themselves. The proportion of extra-curricular exercise for large class girls was higher than that for boys(P<0.05), the proportion of weekend exercise for small class boys was higher than that for girls(P<0.05), and the ratio of walking to school for large class boys was higher than that for girls(P<0.05). The proportion of self-care was significantly higher than that of boys(P<0.05), and the proportion of self-care was also higher than that of boys(P<0.05). Accelerated sensor tests showed that the time of high intensity physical activity in boys was significantly higher than that in girls(P<0.05). The average energy consumption and energy consumption per hour in boys were higher than that in girls(P<0.05). Conclusion The nutritional status of nursery children is not optimistic. Malnutrition, low weight, overweight and obesity coexist. Some nursery children have not developed good physical activity habits.

关 键 词：营养状况 体育锻炼 身体活动现状 入托幼儿 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]