2012—2019年辽宁省夏季鸟类多样性及年际变化  

Summer Bird Diversity and Annual Dynamic Changes in Liaoning Province From 2012 to 2019

作　　者：张雷 蒋一婷 韩宏宇 万冬梅 ZHANG Lei;JIANG Yi-ting;HAN Hong-yu;WAN Dong-mei(Department of Life Sciences,Liaoning University/Key Laboratory of Animal Resource and Epidemic Disease Prevention of Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110036,China;Faku Financial Affairs Service Center,Faku 110400,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学生命科学院/辽宁省动物资源与疫病防治重点实验室,辽宁沈阳110036 [2]法库县财政事务服务中心,辽宁法库110400

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2020年第5期587-591,共5页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31071927);生态环境部生物多样性调查、观测和评估项目。

摘　　要：选择辽宁省鸟类多样性代表性较高的6个研究地,于2012—2019年每年鸟类繁殖期前后各进行1次观测,以分析鸟类多样性变化原因。共布设固定样线10条和固定样点23个,每条样线长度为3 km。通过8 a连续观测,共记录鸟类178种202622只,隶属于17目50科,优势种和常见种均以水鸟为主,其中夏候鸟70种,旅鸟47种,留鸟47种。观测到国家Ⅰ级重点保护鸟类3种,国家Ⅱ级重点保护鸟类16种。在6个观测样区中,老秃顶样区鸟类种类、数量、多样性指数和均匀度指数变化幅度均最小,而辽河口和獾子洞样区4项指标变化幅度较大。整体来看,林地生境鸟类多样性相对稳定,而湿地生境鸟类多样性变化幅度更大。Bird diversity is an important indicator for biodiversity assessment and ecological environmental impact assessment.The researches on bird diversity in China have been abundant in recent years;however,the impact of bird diversity on biodiversity is equivocal.In this study,the reasons for fluctuations on bird diversity components in Liaoning Province were investigated.Birds were counted twice around 6 sites during the breeding season for 8 consecutive years.A total of 10 fixed sample lines with a length of 3 km and 23 fixed sample points were set up.Through 8-year study,202622 birds of 178 species were recorded,belonging to 50 families,17 orders.The dominant species and most common species were mainly waterbirds.70 species were summer migrants,47 were travelers and 47 were residents.A total of 3 first-class and 16 second-class of national protected birds were recorded.Among the 6 studied sites,4 diversity parameters of Laotuding showed the smallest fluctuations,while Liaohekou and Huanzidong had relatively large diversity fluctuations.In general,bird diversity in woodland is relatively stable,while the wetland bird species diversity fluctuates probably due to the rapid destruction and reconstruction of related habitat.

关 键 词：鸟类多样性 均匀度 繁殖期 辽宁省 

分 类 号：X176[环境科学与工程—环境科学] Q958.1[生物学—动物学]