湿地生态补偿研究进展  

Study of Wetland Ecological Compensation:A Review

作　　者：严有龙 王军 王金满[1,2] 荆肇睿 YAN You-long;WANG Jun;WANG Jin-man;JING Zhao-rui(School of Land Science and Technology,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China;Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation Center,Ministry of Natural Resources/Key Laboratory of Land Consolidation and Rehabilitation,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(北京)土地科学技术学院,北京100083 [2]自然资源部国土整治中心/自然资源部土地整治重点实验室,北京100035

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2020年第5期618-625,共8页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41771207)。

摘　　要：湿地被誉为“地球之肾”,是人类最重要生存环境之一。在梳理湿地生态补偿概念的基础上,系统整理了国内外湿地生态补偿政策与实践,针对补偿载体、方式、融资、标准、模式和绩效评估等进行总结分析,提出当前湿地生态补偿存在的主要问题包括理论研究滞后于实践,系统制度设计存在欠缺,补偿资金渠道相对单一,补偿标准差异大以及严重缺乏相应监管、成效评估机制等。最后展望了湿地生态补偿的优先研究方向:(1)加强湿地生态补偿理论研究;(2)加快湿地生态补偿制度研究;(3)扩大湿地保护试点实践研究;(4)增强湿地生态补偿监管及补偿成效评估研究。同时吸收总结国内外科学有效的补偿模式,助推现阶段我国市场化、多元化生态保护补偿机制建设,为湿地生态补偿和修复提供科学依据与决策参考。Known as the"kidney of the earth",wetland is one of the most important living environments for human beings.On the basis of analyzing the concept of wetland ecological compensation,the policies and practices of wetland ecological compensation at domestic and abroad have been systematically sorted out,and the compensation carriers,methods,financing,standards,models and performance evaluation have been summarized.Moreover,the following main existing problems of wetland ecological compensation are proposed:theoretical research lags behind practice,system design is lacking,channels of compensation funds are relatively simple,compensation standards in different areas are significantly different,and the corresponding supervision and effectiveness evaluation mechanisms are seriously lacking.The priority research directions of wetland ecological compensation are prospected:(1)strengthening the theoretical research on wetland ecological compensation;(2)accelerating the study of wetland ecological compensation system;(3)expanding the pilot practice study on wetland protection;(4)strengthening the assessment of wetland ecological compensation supervision and compensation effectiveness.At the same time absorb and summarize the scientific and effective compensation models at domestic and abroad to promote the construction of market-oriented and diversified ecological protection compensation mechanisms in China at this stage.This study can provide scientific basis and decision-making reference for wetland ecological compensation and restoration.

关 键 词：湿地银行 生态补偿 生态系统服务 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X37