2018年乐山市小学生近视现状调查分析  

Investigation and Analysis on the Current Status of Myopia in Primary School Students in Leshan City in 2018

作　　者：陈晓希[1] 王坤[2] CHEN Xiaoxi;WANG Kun(Leshan People’s Hospital,Leshan 614000,Sichuan Province,China;Leshan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Leshan 614000,Sichuan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]乐山市人民医院,四川乐山614000 [2]乐山市疾病预防控制中心,四川乐山614000

出　　处：《预防医学情报杂志》2019年第8期882-885,共4页Journal of Preventive Medicine Information

摘　　要：目的了解乐山市小学生近视现状,为儿童近视的预防提供科学依据。方法2018-09/10采用分层整群随机抽样对乐山市小学生近视现状进行调查分析。结果共调查乐山市小学生2705人,有效问卷2680例,有效率99.08%,其中近视830人,近视率30.97%;女性近视率35.23%高于男性27.17%,差异有统计学意义(χ^2=20.310,P<0.05);不同性别小学生近视程度之间的比较,差异无统计学意义(H=1.148,P>0.05);城市小学学生近视率38.38%高于农村小学26.67%(χ^2=39.951,P<0.05);不同学校小学生近视程度之间的比较,差异有统计学意义(H=60.668,P<0.05);1~6年级小学生近视率分别为15.42%、28.35%、31.39%、34.16%、38.32%和40.49%,且随年级增加,近视率逐渐增加(χ^2趋势=86.106,P<0.05);不同年级小学生近视程度之间的比较,差异有统计学意义(H=162.818,P<0.05)。结论乐山市小学生近视率较高,应从多方面综合防治,减缓视力下降现状。Objective To investigate the current status of myopia in primary school students in Leshan,so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention of myopia in children.Methods From September to October 2018,the current status of myopia in primary school students in Leshan was investigated and analyzed,the subject was selected by the stratified cluster random sampling method.Results A total of 2705 primary school students in Leshan were investigated.The effective questionnaires were collected from 2680 cases,and the effective rate was 99.08%.Among them,there were 830 cases with myopia with the myopia rate of 30.97%.The myopia rate in girls was higher than that in boys(35.23%vs 27.17%)(χ^2=20.310,P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the degree of myopia between different genders(H=1.148,P>0.05).The myopia rate of primary school students in urban area was significantly higher than that in rural area(38.38%vs 26.67%)(χ^2=39.951,P<0.05).There was significant difference in the degree of myopia in different schools(H=60.668,P<0.05).The myopia rates of the first to sixth grade students were 15.42%,28.35%,31.39%,34.16%,38.32%and 40.49%,respectively.The myopia rate increased gradually with the increase of grade(χ^2 trend=86.106,P<0.05).There was significant difference in the degree of myopia in different grades(H=162.818,P<0.05).Conclusion The current status of myopia in primary school students in Leshan is not optimistic for the high myopia rate.Comprehensive prevention and control strategies should be carried out in various aspects to prevent the decline in eyesight in children.

关 键 词：小学生 近视现状 调查 预防 

分 类 号：R779.7[医药卫生—眼科]