C/N对SBR生物脱氮硝化过程微生物结构的动态影响  

Dynamic effect of C/N on microbial structure in SBR’s biological nitrification process

作　　者：宁高阳 牛永健 李维维 杨浩[1] 孙洪伟[1,2] NING Gao-yang;NIU Yong-jian;LI Wei-wei;YANG Hao;SUN Hong-wei(School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Sewage Treatment Industry Technical Center,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Province Light Industry Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学环境与市政工程学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]甘肃省污水处理行业技术中心,甘肃兰州730070 [3]甘肃省轻工研究院,甘肃兰州730030

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2020年第5期2053-2061,共9页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51668031)。

摘　　要：为揭示碳氮比(C/N)对硝化过程影响的机理本质,试验以人工模拟废水为研究对象,采用4组平行的SBR(R0、R5、R10、R15)反应器,基于16S rRNA基因-Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,考察了4种C/N(0、5、10、15)对硝化过程功能微生物组成和结构特征的影响.结果表明:4种C/N条件下,系统均获得了较好的去除氨氮(去除率>95%)和COD(去除率>90%)效果,TN也有不同程度的降低.此外,C/N会显著影响系统内微生物的多样性、种群结构和功能.R0系统Chao1指数(922)、ACE指数(1232.4)、Shannon指数(6.76)和Simpson指数(0.96)均最大,故微生物多样性最丰富,而R5的物种丰富度最低.在微生物门水平上,变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)等9个相对丰度较高的门是重要的微生物门,其中变形菌门(Proteobacteria)约全部微生物的40.7%~65.2%,是4个系统中最优势的菌门.硝化过程的关键菌群亚硝化单胞菌科(Nitrosomonadaceae)及硝化螺旋菌属(Nitrospira)的相对丰度表现出随着C/N升高而急剧降低的趋势.基于LEfSe分析共获得了34组具有显著差异的微生物,从而得到了每种C/N条件下在微生物学分类水平上的菌群关键生物标记物.Based on 16 S rRNA genes-Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing,this study is to investigate the community and structure of characteristic microbial communities related to nitrification under four C/N ratios(0、5、10、15)settled in four parallel laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors(SBRs,denoted as R0、R5、R10、R15)to better understand the biological mechanisms of how does C/N ratio influence the nitrification.Results indicated that effective removal of ammonia nitrogen(removal efficiency>95%)and COD(removal efficiency>90%)were achieved in four C/Ns,and TN has also been reduced to varying degrees.In addition,C/N ratio has an important impact on the diversity,community and function of the bacterial communities.The largestα-diversity values of Chao1(922),ACE(1232.4),Shannon(6.76)and Simpson(0.96)were achieved in R0,which represents with highest richness and diversity of bacterial community,while the lowest was achieved in R5.9 phyla such as Proteobacteria,Bacteroidetes,Cyanobacteria and so on were found to be major groups with higher relative abundance at the phylum.The most dominant bacterial is affiliated with Proteobacteria comprised 40.7%~65.2%in the four sludge samples.The relative abundance of key microorganisms as Nitrosomonadaceae and Nitrospira related to nitrification decreased sharply with increasing C/N.A total of 34 groups of microorganisms with significant differences were obtained based on LEfSe analysis,thereby key biomarkers of the microflora were obtained at the microbiological classification level under each C/N condition.

关 键 词：C/N IlluminaMiSeq高通量测序 硝化过程 微生物多样性 LEfSe组间差异 

分 类 号：X703.5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]