体育锻炼对青少年认知能力和学业成绩的影响  

The Effect of Physical Exercise on Adolescents’ Cognitive Ability and Academic Achievements

作　　者：方黎明[1] FANG Liming(School of Insurance and Economics,University of International Business and Economics,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学保险学院,北京100029

出　　处：《体育科学》2020年第4期35-41,共7页China Sport Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(20YJA840004)。

摘　　要：体育锻炼在提升青少年认知能力和学业成绩上发挥了重要作用,但国内鲜有基于全国样本数据的深入实证分析。基于中国教育追踪调查的基线数据,以周末体育锻炼为例,采用倾向得分匹配法,从教育效果公平的视角,分析了体育锻炼对不同特征青少年认知能力和学业成绩的影响,结果发现:1)体育锻炼显著改善了青少年学生的认知能力,并提升了青少年学生的学科成绩;2)体育锻炼发挥了促进教育效果公平的功能,主要表现在体育锻炼改善了中低收入家庭的青少年认知能力和学业成绩,对高收入家庭的青少年认知能力和学业成绩的影响不显著。Physical exercise plays an important role in improving adolescents’ cognitive ability and academic achievements.However, there is little in-depth empirical research based on national samples. Based on the data of China Education Panel Study,this study analyzes the impact of physical exercise on cognitive ability and academic achievements in adolescents with different characteristics. It is found that: 1) Physical exercise significantly improves the cognitive ability and academic achievements in young students;2) Physical exercise improves the cognitive ability and academic achievements of young students in low-and middleincome families, but not in high-income families.

关 键 词：体育锻炼 认知能力 学业成绩 教育公平 

分 类 号：G807[文化科学—体育训练]