他人在场条件下的社会分享型提取诱发遗忘  

Socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting in a naturalistic collaborative retrieval situation

作　　者：张环 侯双[1] 王海曼 廉宇煊 杨海波 ZHANG Huan;HOU Shuang;WANG Haiman;LIAN Yuxuan;YANG Haibo(Faculty of Psychology,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300387,China;Center of Collaborative Innovation for Assessment and Promotion of Mental Health,Tianjin 300074,China;Key Research Base of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Ministry of Education,Academy of Psychology and Behavior,Tianjin Normal University,Tianjin 300074,China)

机构地区：[1]天津师范大学心理学部,天津300387 [2]国民心理健康评估与促进协同创新中心,天津300074 [3]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院,天津300074

出　　处：《心理学报》2020年第6期716-729,共14页Acta Psychologica Sinica

基　　金：天津市哲学社会科学规划重点项目(TJJX15-002);天津师范大学校博士基金项目(043/135202WW1711);天津师范大学“青年拔尖人才培育计划”项目(040/1353P2WX1804)资助。

摘　　要：在社会互动的提取小组中,说者的选择性提取可能会导致听者对未提及但相关内容的遗忘,这被称为社会分享型提取诱发遗忘。本研究实验1首先考察了有无真实他人在场对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响,结果显示只有在真实他人在场条件下,该现象才会出现,说明社会分享型提取诱发遗忘受到听者对自下而上的社会互动情境加工的影响。实验2进一步考察了在他人在场条件下,个体的抑制控制能力对社会分享型提取诱发遗忘的影响,结果显示该现象只与其作为说者时的个体提取诱发遗忘效应大小有关,提示了社会分享型提取诱发遗忘与个体提取诱发遗忘过程类似,都会受到个体自上而下的排除竞争项目侵入记忆的无意抑制能力的影响。研究结果为理解人际交流情形下个体记忆的形成与改变提供了重要启发。In our daily life, people have plenty of opportunities to share their memories of past experience or knowledge with others. In such conversation, the phenomenon which, due to conscious or unconscious selective retrieval of speakers, listeners forget the unmentioned but relevant memories, is called socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting(SS-RIF). Based on previous research of the phenomenon, the current study focuses on the influence of bottom-up processing of social interactive situations and top-down cognitive control of inhibition on SS-RIF, investigating whether the presence of speaker or not, and the listener’s ability of various types of inhibition control would affect the occurrence and scale of SS-RIF. In Experiment 1, a 2(interactive level: the presence of the speaker, the absence of the speaker) × 2(interactive role: speaker, listener) × 4(item types: Rp+, Rp–, Nrp+, Nrp–) mixed design was adopted, in which interactive level was the between-participants design while interactive role and item type were the within-participants design. The dependent variable was the correct recall proportion in the final recall test. A total of 116 healthy volunteers participated in Experiment 1. They were randomly assigned to different interactive level conditions. All participants of Experiment 1 were recruited in Experiment 2 to explore the effect of different types of inhibitory control on socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting in different experimental conditions. It was found in Experiment 1 that, regardless of condition, the phenomenon of within-individual retrievalinduced forgetting in speakers appeared;however, the socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting in listeners only arose in the presence of the speaker condition. Furthermore, Experiment 2, carried out on the basis of Experiment 1, showed that the effect of socially shared retrieval-induced forgetting was independent from levels of inhibitory control. Interestingly, in the presence of the speaker condition, the effect of socially shared

关 键 词：社会分享型提取诱发遗忘 他人在场 抑制控制 无意抑制 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学] B849[哲学宗教—心理学]