口腔种植临床相关系统性疾病的风险评估与规避  

Risk assessment and prevention in clinical diagnosis and treatment in implant surgery associated with systemic diseases

作　　者：唐渝菲 刘珍珍 周安琪 于晖 张歆缘 王斌[3] 马紫嫣 向琳[3] TANG Yufei;LIU Zhenzhen;ZHOU Anqi;YU Hui;ZHANG Xinyuan;WANG Bin;MA Ziyan;XIANG Lin(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Deptartment of Cleft Lip and Palate Surgery,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases&National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases,Deptartment of Oral Implantology,West China Hospital of Stomatology,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China;West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院,四川成都610041 [2]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院唇腭裂外科,四川成都610041 [3]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院种植科,四川成都610041 [4]四川大学华西公共卫生学院(华西第四医院),四川成都610041

出　　处：《口腔疾病防治》2020年第7期453-457,共5页Journal of Prevention and Treatment for Stomatological Diseases

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81701007);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2018SCUH0006);四川大学华西口腔医院基础与应用基础研究项目(RD-02-201902);四川大学华西口腔医院人才队伍建设科研发展经费(RCDWJS2020-6)。

摘　　要：口腔种植治疗的患者常伴有各种系统性疾病,这会给治疗过程带来不利影响,本文通过回顾相关文献,就口腔种植治疗患者中系统疾病的风险评估与规避作一综述。心血管系统疾病患者易出现卒中、心脏骤停等意外,抗凝药及降压药的服用会使情况变得复杂;内分泌系统疾病潜在风险常见为感染以及激素水平不稳定导致的各种危象;呼吸系统疾病潜在风险主要是呼吸困难及误吞误咽器械;神经精神系统患者的操作难度在于配合度欠佳,相关药物副作用大;骨关节系统疾病对种植的影响主要表现为种植手术效果不佳;血液系统、消化系统及肾脏疾病可能导致出血风险。临床工作者可以通过术前详细病史及用药史询问,生命体征的检查以及重要客观指标的检测,针对性采取预防措施或与专科医生商讨,术中术后严密观察、对症治疗等措施来规避风险。Patients seeking implantation often have several systemic diseases,which will introduce complications to treatment.This paper reviews the risk assessments and prevention of systemic diseases in patients with oral implant therapy with the relevant literature.The patients with cardiovascular diseases are prone to stroke and cardiac arrest,and anticoagulants and antihypertensive drugs will complicate cases.The potential risks of endocrine system diseases are in-fections and crises caused by unstable hormone levels.The risks of respiratory diseases are dyspnea and swallowing de-vices.The difficulty of treating patients with neuropsychiatric diseases is attributable to poor cooperation and adverse effects of the drugs.Bone and joint system diseases may decrease the success of implantation.Hematological system,di-gestive system and kidney diseases may lead to hemorrhage.By inquiring about detailed medical and medication histo-ry,evaluating vital signs and detecting important objective indicators,performing targeted measures,discussing with spe-cialists,and observing patients closely,clinicians can avoid the abovementioned risks.

关 键 词：种植外科 临床诊疗 系统性疾病 风险规避 卒中 感染 呼吸困难 配合度 出血 生命体征 

分 类 号：R78[医药卫生—口腔医学]