从《黄帝内经》五脏藏神理论到《黄帝内经太素》五神脏理论的演变分析  

Analysis on Evolution from Five Zang-viscera Storing Spirit Theory in Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor (《黄帝内经》) to Five Spirit Zang-viscera Theory in Grand Simplicity of Inner Canon of Huangdi (《黄帝内经太素》)

作　　者：王宪正 汪受传 WANG Xianzheng;WANG Shouchuan(Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,210023)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学附属医院,江苏省南京市210023

出　　处：《中医杂志》2020年第7期569-572,共4页Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：国家中医药管理局全国名中医工作室建设项目。

摘　　要：考察从《黄帝内经》五脏藏神理论到《黄帝内经太素》五神脏理论的演变过程。选取"六朝形神之争"为视角,认为其争论的焦点在于神是否是气,而目的是论证神灭还是神不灭。持神灭论者从认为神是气逐渐演变为神以气为物质基础;持神不灭论者则认为神不是气演变而来,亦无需以气为物质基础。受此影响,《黄帝内经太素》藏象理论的核心由《黄帝内经》时期的五脏藏神理论转变为五神脏理论。五脏藏精气的目的是为了舍五神,五精气变为了神的物质基础,而非《黄帝内经》中的神即精气。这段时期医学思想与哲学思想的演变趋势相一致,都是在来自异域思想的佛教的冲击下完成,明确这一过程为中医理论演变的研究提供了新的思路。This paper investigates evolution from the theory of five zang-viscera storing spirit in Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor(《黄帝内经》) and the theory of five spirit zang-viscera in Grand Simplicity of Inner Canon of Huangdi(《黄帝内经太素》). From the perspective of"debate between physique and spirit in the Six Dynasties",this paper holds that the focus of the debate was whether sprit was qi or not,and the purpose was to prove whether spirit was extinct or immortal. People supporting the theory of spirit could be extinct believed that spirit was from gradual qi evolution that spirit was based on qi,while people supporting the theory of spirit was immortal believed that spirit was not from qi evolution that spirit did not need qi as the material basis. Affected by this,the core of the theory of visceral manifestations in Grand Simplicity of Inner Canon of Huangdi changed from the theory of five zang-viscera storing spirit in the period of Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor to the theory of five spirit zang-viscera. The purpose of five zang-viscera storing essence qi is to store five spirits,and the five kinds of essence qi become the material basis of the spirits instead of "spirit is essence qi"in Inner Canon of Yellow Emperor. During this period,the evolution trends of medical thought and philosophical thought were consistent,and they were all completed under the impact of Buddhism,a foreign thought. Clearly understanding this process provides a new way of thinking for the study on evolution of TCM theories.

关 键 词：黄帝内经 五脏藏神 黄帝内经太素 五神脏 

分 类 号：R221[医药卫生—中医基础理论]