商代“■”“妇”“好”字新说  

New Explanations on Characters“■”“妇”and“好”in Shang Dynasty

作　　者：张培培 刘志基[1] ZHANG Pei-pei;Liu Zhi-ji

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学中国文字研究与应用中心,上海200241

出　　处：《古汉语研究》2020年第2期30-37,126,127,共10页Research in Ancient Chinese Language

摘　　要：基于商代金文的全方位多层次的穷尽整理分析,对■之各形体孳乳关系,妇字主流写法,好之商代文字单位归属,提出新的看法。商代"■"字的发展脉络大致有两条。一是■孳乳为■,孳乳过程中可能存在过渡形体■。■在四期有两条发展路径或通过改换文字结构而成■,或通过省简而成■。二是■从二期持续至四期,并在四期通过省简而成■。商代金文用于记录"妇"这个词的主流字形是从女从帚之妇,与甲骨文假帚为妇不同。商代一般释作好从女从子之字,可以归为"子"的一种构形。The Based on comprehensive and multi-level analysis of the bronze inscriptions of Shang dynasty,this paper puts forward new opinions about the evolution relationship among all the writing forms of character"■";the mainstream writing form of character"妇";the belonging of character"好"in character system of Shang dynasty.There are two development courses for character"■"in Shang dynasty:Firstly,"■"evolves into"■";there probably exists the middle form"■".In the fourth stage,on the one hand,"■"changes its structure into"■";on the other hand,"■"abbreviates into"■"and"■".Second,"■"keeps its writing form from the second stage to the fourth stage;then abbreviates into"■"in the fourth stage.In the bronze inscriptions of Shang dynasty,the mainstream character form which is used to represent the word"female"is"妇",which differs from the form"帚"in oracle-bone inscriptions of Shang dynasty.Character"好",which is usually interpreted as"hao"in Shang dynasty,should be classified into character structure of"子".

关 键 词：商代金文 ■ 妇 好 

分 类 号：H121[语言文字—汉语]