记忆重构和信心评估:商标属性与使用经验的影响  

The Reconstructive Memory and Confidence Judgements:The Effect of Logo Complexity and Users’Experiences

作　　者：康廷虎[1] 朱瑛川 Kang Tinghu;Zhu Yingchuan(Visual Cognition Lab,School of Psychology,Northwest Normal University,Lanzhou,730070)

机构地区：[1]西北师范大学心理学院视觉认知实验室,兰州730070

出　　处：《心理科学》2020年第2期466-472,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：甘肃省民族事务委员会委托项目;国家社会科学基金青年项目(13CSH074)的资助。

摘　　要：记忆是重现,还是重构?已有理论存在争论。本研究以商标信息为实验材料,应用任务分离范式、元记忆检测范式等方法,探讨了商标属性和用户使用经验对记忆重构的影响。结果发现:(1)商标信息的正确回忆频数及成绩显著低于错误回忆的频数和成绩。(2)简单商标的记忆成绩高于复杂商标的记忆成绩;同时,忠实用户对商标信息的记忆成绩显著高于非忠实用户;(3)在回忆任务之前,人们对商标信息的回忆及其信心评估存在分离;但在回忆任务后二者的变化趋于一致。这表明,复杂程度对商标信息的记忆重构存在显著影响,而且存在用户类型差异;商标信息的记忆重构过程中元认知判断及信心评估会发生变化。What is humans’memory,reappearing or reconstruction?Humans’long-term memory has an immense capacity for objects’visual detail,and they typically remember objects to which they have been frequently exposed.However,prior studies have shown that people have exceptionally poor memory for the features of some objects even if they have been exposed to over the course of many years;but more people believe that they have higher levels of confidence for their recall and recognition.This shows that there is a separation between human’s memory of daily objects and their confidence,and it might be related to memory reconstruction.At the same time,there are some evidence supporting that object memory is affected by its complexity.Therefore,the present study conducted two experiments to explore the effect of the mobile phone logo complexity on different users’memory reconstruction.Generally,logos are often designed for recall and recognize,however,the present study assumed that the memory performance was affected by objects complexity,and there was differences between simple and complex logos.Experiment 1 conducted a single factor experimental design.The dependent variable was the scores of drawing logos.Participants were asked to draw the logo of mobile phone which included both simple and complex types,and they were given as much time as needed to make their drawings.The results of Experiment 1 showed that the complexity was an important factor for logo memory.Participants’recall performance of simply logos was better than complex logos.Meanwhile,whether it was a simple logo or a complex logo,participants’memory performance was low;and there were no significant differences between different genders.These results were consistent with the conclusion of previous studies.However,because Experiment 1 did not investigate participants’confidence for their memory,the results could not supply evidence for peoples’meta-cognition changes.In Experiment 2,we conducted two experiments including 2a and 2b,the meta-cogniti

关 键 词：商标复杂性 信心评估 元记忆 记忆重构 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]