近代以来儒学的危机与流变研究述评  

A Review of the Studies on the Crisis and Evolution of Confucianism in Modern Times

作　　者：李博 LI Bo(School of History and Culture,Qufu Normal University,Qufu 273165,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]曲阜师范大学历史文化学院,山东曲阜273165

出　　处：《徐州工程学院学报（社会科学版）》2020年第2期33-41,共9页Journal of Xuzhou Institute of Technology：Social Sciences Edition

摘　　要：中国近代是急剧变革与转型的历史时期,儒学受到了巨大的冲击而不断解体。儒学的危机是社会危机在文化领域的反映,随着社会危机的不断加深,儒学的制度化存在被不断打破,儒学逐渐丧失了对中国社会各方面的控制力。学术界对近代以来儒学的研究成果浩如烟海,几成“显学”,总体的研究理路则非常明确。一、个案研究,寻找一个历史人物或事件切入的个案研究,以小见大,试图说明儒学的流变。二、综合研究,从宏观上梳理近代历史的重大事件对儒学的冲击与结果,让儒学随着历史的发展“活起来”,从历史发展的线索中把握儒学的变迁。三、多学科交叉研究,从哲学史、儒学史、经济史、社会史、文化史等视角考察儒学,这方面的研究成果理论性较强。以往的研究成果虽然厘清了近代儒学的许多基本问题,但是仍然存在史料不充分、论证不扎实、研究方法不科学等问题。文章力求追循前人研究的足迹,对已有的研究进行梳理与述评,以从整体上把握儒学在近代的流变。With the rapid change and transformation in Modern China,Confucianism has been greatly impacted and inclined to be disintegrated.The crisis of Confucianism is the reflection of social crisis in the field of culture.With the deepening of social crisis,the institutionalized existence of Confucianism has been constantly broken,and Confucianism has gradually lost its control over all aspects of Chinese society.Academic circles have made tremendous achievements in the study of Confucianism since modern times,and almost made it a"Prosperous Discipline"with clear overall research rationale.First is case study.It either looks for a historical figure or event to explain the evolution of Confucianism,or from the study of Confucianism of the important figures in modern history,such as Kang Youwei,Zhang Taiyan,Liang Qichao etc.to sum up the evolution of modern Confucianism,or from the perspective of the disintegration of Confucianism movement and its institutionalization,such as the relationship between Confucianism and modern politics,the disintegration of imperial examination system and the spread of political and legal systems to explore the influence of the Confucianism disintegration on China's social transformation.Second is comprehensive study.It combs the impact and results of the major events in modern history on Confucianism from a macro perspective,so that Confucianism can be"alive"with the development of history and grasp the changes from the historical clues.Third is interdisciplinary study.It studies Confucianism from the perspectives of philosophical history,Confucian history,economic history,social history or cultural history,and involving more theoretical speculation and multi-disciplinary examination,and drawing more profound conclusions.But it tends to be general and lacks the support of historical events.Although the previous research results have clarified many basic problems,there are still some problems,such as insufficient historical data,inadequate demonstration,and unscientific research methods and

关 键 词：近代儒学 儒学危机 孔教运动 批孔 尊孔 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]