中医思维方式与特征的文献研究  

Literature study on thinking mode and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine

作　　者：夏淑洁 林雪娟[1] 赖新梅[1] 赵文 魏佳 王凤珍 李灿东[1] XIA Shu-jie;LIN Xue-juan;LAI Xin-mei;ZHAO Wen;WEI Jia;WANG Feng-zhen;LI Can-dong(Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome,Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Fuzhou 350122,China;Accreditation Center of TCM Physician,State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]福建中医药大学中医证研究基地,福州350122 [2]国家中医药管理局中医师资格认证中心,北京100029

出　　处：《中华中医药杂志》2020年第4期2034-2037,共4页China Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家中医药管理局中医师资格认证中心委托项目(No.2018年第8号)。

摘　　要：目的:通过对中医思维方式与特征的文献整理分析,探讨中医思维方式及其在中医五大主干课程的具体体现。方法:检索CNKI、VIP建库以来至2018年12月核心期刊上与中医思维相关的文献,由两名研究者独立进行文献筛选、资料提取,并对提炼的名词进行规范化处理与汇总分析。结果:最终共纳入符合标准的文章180篇,关于中医思维方式,象思维出现频次最高,出现频数为133(73.89%);其次是辨证思维(17.22%)和直觉思维(2.78%)。关于中医思维的具体体现,本研究共提炼29项,其中整体观念出现频数最高,为105(58.33%);其次是辨证论治(37.78%)和阴阳学说(32.22%)。中医思维在五大主干课程中的体现,以中医基础理论部分体现的最为明显,其次是中医诊断学与中医内科学部分。结论:中医的主导思维方式为象思维,它构建起中医思维与基础理论的框架;整体观念、辨证论治与阴阳学说最能体现中医思维,其中整体观念是中医思维的核心,辨证论治是整体观念在中医临床的具体应用。Objective:By collating and analyzing the literature on the thinking mode and characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),this paper explores the way of thinking of TCM and its concrete manifestation in the five main courses of TCM.Methods:Literature related to TCM thinking in core journals of CNKI and VIP database were retrieved from the establishment of the database to December 2018.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction,and standardized processing and summary analysis of the refined nouns.Results:A total of 180 articles met the inclusion criteria.As for the mode of TCM thinking,image thinking has the highest frequency,with 133 times and accounting for 73.89%.The other is dialectical thinking and intuitive thinking,accounting for 17.22%and 2.78%respectively.As for the concrete manifestation of TCM thinking,the frequency of holistic concept was the highest,105 times(58.33%),followed by syndrome differentiation and treatment(37.78%)and yin-yang theory(32.22%).The reflection and distribution of TCM thinking in the five disciplines are most obvious in the basic theory of TCM,followed by the diagnostics of TCM and internal medicine of TCM.Conclusion:The dominant thinking mode of TCM is image thinking,which constructs the frame of TCM thinking and basic theory.The holistic concept,syndrome differentiation and treatment and Yin-Yang theory can best reflect TCM thinking,in which holistic concept is the core of TCM thinking,while syndrome differentiation and treatment is the concrete application of holistic concept in TCM clinical practice.

关 键 词：中医思维 象思维 整体观念 辨证论治 文献研究 

分 类 号：R22[医药卫生—中医基础理论] G353.1[医药卫生—中医学]