名词融合角度下汉语离合词的生成语法研究  

The Generative Study of Chinese Separable Words from the Perspective of Noun Incorporation

作　　者：王世龙[1] WANG Shilong

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学外国语学院,广东广州

出　　处：《语言教育》2020年第2期73-78,共6页Language Education

基　　金：广州市哲学社会科学发展“十三五”规划课题“语段理论下英语、SC、汉语名词短语左分枝提取对比研究”(项目编号:2017GZYB84)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：汉语离合词是颇具争议的一个研究主题,不同的语言学家对离合词的定义、属性、判断标准提出了不同的观点。本文就离合词的变式与原式结构的生成过程进行分析。离合词的生成过程类似于北美等地区方言中的名词融合结构,是短语合并,而不是中心语合并。第二个词素合并生成nP或NP,然后与动词词素合并,生成VP或vP。此分析能够解释中间成分的插入过程,以及离合词的黏着属性。原式或变式结构是由动词有无标记词或名词有无修饰语决定的。此观点能够融入到生成语法的语段理论体系中,能够解释更多的语言现象,包含解释名词有修饰语等问题。Chinese Separable Words have triggered heated debates in the past research.Different linguists have put forward different definitions,properties,and defining criteria from different points of view.The separable structure and the combined structure are analyzed in this article,with a focus on the generating process.This syntactic process,being the merge of phrases rather than head merge,is similar to that in the noun incorporation structure of some dialects in north America.The second lexicon first generates nP or NP,and then merges with VP or vP which is generated by the lexicon verb.This analysis can explain the process of elements insertion,and the clitic property of the noun.The separable structure depends on the existence of insertion.With insertion,the structure is separated,and without insertion,the structure is combined.This analysis is compatible with the phase theory,thus explaining more phenomena.

关 键 词：离合词 短语移位 修饰语 体标记词 名词融合结构 

分 类 号：H0[语言文字—语言学]