江苏省沿海地区高危人群异尖线虫感染风险调查  

Investigation on the risk of of Anisakis infection among high-risk populations along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province

作　　者：茅范贞 孙伯超 倪碧娴 张学艳 吴小珉 丁昕 张强 徐祥珍[1] 金小林[1] 戴洋[1] 曹俊[1] MAO Fan-Zhen;SUN Bo-Chao;NI Bi-Xian;ZHANG Xue-Yan;WU Xiao-Min;DING Xin;ZHANG Qiang;XU Xiang-Zhen;JIN Xiao-Lin;DAI Yang;CAO Jun(National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology,Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases,Public Health Research Center,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214064,China;Yancheng Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Jiangsu Province,China;Jiangsu Vocational College of Medicine,China)

机构地区：[1]国家卫生健康委员会寄生虫病预防与控制技术重点实验室、江苏省寄生虫与媒介控制技术重点实验室、江苏省血吸虫病防治研究所、江南大学公共卫生研究中心,无锡214064 [2]江苏省盐城市疾病预防控制中心 [3]江苏医药职业学院

出　　处：《中国血吸虫病防治杂志》2020年第3期282-289,共8页Chinese Journal of Schistosomiasis Control

基　　金：江苏省“科教强卫工程”项目(ZDXKA2016016);省属公益类科研院所自主科研项目(BM2018020);江苏省青年医学人才项目(QN-RC2016622);江苏省血地寄防应用性科研课题(X201835)。

摘　　要：目的了解江苏省沿海地区高危人群异尖线虫感染风险,为制定江苏省异尖线虫病预防控制措施提供基础数据。方法 2018年选择江苏省沿海地区南通市如东县、连云港市海州区和盐城市东台市作为调查点,对从事海鱼捕捞、鲜活海鱼销售、喜食鲜活海鱼者等3类异尖线虫感染高危人群开展异尖线虫病防治知行信调查,检测血清特异性异尖线虫Ig G抗体,并对上述人群血清Ig G抗体阳性的影响因素进行logistic回归分析。采集当地鲜活海鱼样本,检测异尖线虫幼虫感染情况,计算感染率和感染度。结果本次调查3类高危人群625人,其中男性349人(占55.8%)。问卷调查显示,听说过异尖线虫病的有81人(13.0%);3类人群对异尖线虫病防治知识知晓率普遍较低,生食或半生食海鱼者占21.6%,5.8%的调查对象选择吃未煮熟的海鱼;3.2%食用海鱼后出现恶心、呕吐、腹泻等症状;5.1%出现全身过敏症状,65.6%砧板切生熟食不分。血清学检测结果显示,调查人群血清异尖线虫特异性Ig G抗体阳性率为7.0%。Logistic回归分析显示,受教育程度[OR=0.687,95%CI(0.478, 0.987)]和是否存在全身过敏症状[OR=4.641,95%CI(1.411,15.268)]是调查人群血清学Ig G抗体阳性的影响因素。累计调查海鱼494条,异尖线虫幼虫感染率为64.0%,感染度为8.1条/鱼,其中带鱼和青占鱼感染率较高。结论江苏省沿海地区高危人群异尖线虫病防治知识知晓率较低,且存在生食或半生食、砧板切生熟食不分等高危行为;该地区海鱼异尖线虫感染率高。后续应进一步加强异尖线虫病健康教育和健康促进工作。Objective To investigate the risk of Anisakis infections among high-risk populations along the coastal areas of Ji-angsu Province, so as to develop the strategy for the prevention and control of anisakiasis in the province.Methods Three coun-ties along the coastal areas of Jiangsu Province were selected as the study sites in 2018, including Rudong County in NantongCity, Haizhou District in Lianyungang City and Dongtai City in Yancheng City. The knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of an-isakiasis prevention and control, and the prevalence of serum specific Ig G antibody against Anisakis were investigated among high-risk populations among these three study sites, including fishermen, fish seller and people who liked eating fresh and live marinefish. Factors affecting the prevalence of the specific Ig G antibody against Anisakis were identified using a multiple logistic regres-sion model. In addition, Anisakis larvae infections were detected in fresh and live marine fish samples collected from local mar-kets, and the prevalence and intensity of Anisakis infections were estimated.Results A total of 625 high-risk populations wereinvestigated, including 349 men(55.8%). Only 13.0% of the subjects heard about anisakiasis, and a low awareness rate of anisa-kiasis prevention and control knowledge was seen among these three types of high-risk populations. There were 21.6% of the sub-jects eating raw or half-cooked marine fish, 5.8% eating undercooked marine fish, 3.2% presenting vomiting, nausea and diarrheaafter eating marine fish, 5.1% developing systemic allergic symptoms, and 65.6% using the same chopping board for raw andcooked food. The sero-prevalence of the anti-Anisakis Ig G antibody was 7.0% among the study subjects. Multiple logistic regres-sion analysis identified education level [OR = 0.687,95% CI(0.478,0.987)] and development of systemic allergic symptoms[OR = 4.641,95% CI(1.411,15.268)]as factors affecting the positive anti-Anisakis Ig G antibody among the study subjects. Among494 fresh and live marine fish

关 键 词：异尖线虫 高危人群 海鱼 沿海地区 江苏省 

分 类 号：R532.19[医药卫生—内科学]