无锡市区4237名7~12岁儿童屈光异常患病率及其影响因素分析  

Prevalence and affecting factors of refractive anomalies in 4237 children aged 7-12 years in Wuxi City

作　　者：李赟[1] 姚勇[1] LI Yun;YAO Yong(Department of Ophthalmology,Wuxi People′s Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,Wuxi214023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属无锡市人民医院眼科,江苏无锡214023

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2020年第15期116-118,126,共4页China Medical Herald

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81770941)。

摘　　要：目的探讨无锡市区4237名7~12岁儿童屈光异常患病率及其影响因素。方法随机抽样选取2018年11~12月无锡市和畅小学、融成小学、太湖新城小学、锡师附小学前校区和锡师附小阳光校区就读的4237名学生作为研究对象。根据屈光度将其分为正常组(n=2362)和异常组(n=1875)。观察不同年龄儿童视力分布和屈光异常患病率,分析影响7~12岁儿童屈光异常的因素,并建立多因素logistic回归模型,明确儿童屈光异常的危险因素。结果7~<11岁儿童视力>0.8的占比最高,11~<12岁儿童视力0.5~0.6的占比最高,12~<13岁儿童视力0.1~0.4的占比最高。12~<13岁儿童屈光异常患病率最高,7~<8岁儿童屈光异常患病率最低。每天睡眠时间、良好用眼习惯、营养均衡、定期检查视力、年龄与7~12岁儿童屈光异常有关(P<0.05)。年龄≥9岁、每天睡眠时间<8 h、无良好用眼习惯、营养不均衡和未定期检查视力是7~12岁儿童屈光异常的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论7~12岁儿童屈光异常的预防过程中应当密切关注儿童年龄、睡眠时间、用眼习惯、营养均衡以及定期检查视力情况,以便于及时采取相应的措施预防和减少儿童屈光异常的发生。Objective To investigate the prevalence of refractive anomalies and its affecting factors in 4237 children aged 7-12 years in Wuxi City.Methods A total of 4237 children were randomly selected from November to December 2018 to study in Wuxi Hechang Primary School,Rongcheng Primary School,Taihu New Town Primary School,Pre-school Campus of Wuxi Normal Primary School and Xiaoyangguang Campus of Wuxi Normal Primary School.According to the diopter,they were divided into the normal group(n=2362)and the abnormal group(n=1875).The distribution of vision and prevalence of refractive anomalies in children of different ages were observed,the factors affecting children aged 7-12 years were analyzed,and a multivariate logistic regression model was established to identify the risk factors for children with refractive anomalies.Results The proportion of children aged 7-<11 years old with vision of>0.8 was the highest,the proportion of children aged 11-<12 years old with vision of 0.5-0.6 was the highest,and the proportion of children aged 12-<13 years old with vision of 0.1-0.4 was the highest.The prevalence of refractive anomalies was highest in children aged 12-<13 years,and lowest in children aged 7-<8 years.Daily sleep duration,good eye habits,balanced nutrition,regular visual acuity examination,and age were associated with refractive anomalies in children aged 7-12 years(P<0.05).Age≥9 years old,daily sleep time<8 h,poor eye habits,nutritional imbalance and not regularly examined vision were risk factors for refractive anomalies in children aged 7-12 years old(P<0.05).Conclusion During the prevention of refractive anomalies in children aged 7-12 years old,close attention should be paid to children′s age,sleep time,eye habits,balanced nutrition and regular visual examination,so as to take timely measures to prevent and reduce the incidence of refractive anomalies in children.

关 键 词：儿童 视力 屈光异常 患病率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R778[医药卫生—眼科]