社区50岁及以上中老年人认知障碍现况调查分析  

Analysis on cognitive impairment in residents (≥ 50 years old) of communities

作　　者：杜沙沙 韩晓燕[2] 王晓宁[2] 李哲[2] 齐智[2] 许志远[2] DU Sha-sha;HAN Xiao-yan;WANG Xiao-ning;LI Zhe;QI Zhi;XU Zhi-yuan(School of Public Health,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan Province450001,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学公共卫生学院,河南省郑州450001 [2]北京市朝阳区疾病预防控制中心慢性病防治科

出　　处：《中国慢性病预防与控制》2020年第4期280-283,共4页Chinese Journal of Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases

基　　金：财政部重大公共卫生专项(131091106000150003)。

摘　　要：目的了解北京市朝阳区某社区50岁及以上中老年人认知障碍现况及影响因素,为探索认知障碍的干预方法提供科学依据。方法于2016年在北京市朝阳区某社区随机抽取1 499名50岁及以上中老年人为调查对象,进行问卷调查、身体测量和实验室检查。采用SPSS 22.0软件进行χ2检验和趋势χ2检验,中老年人认知障碍影响因素采用多因素logistic回归分析。结果本研究社区中老年人认知障碍者共84人,检出率为5.60%,标化检出率为6.45%。不同年龄、文化程度、饮酒情况、休闲活动、锻炼活动和高血压病史者认知障碍情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高龄(与50~64岁年龄组比较,≥80岁组OR=4.356,95%CI:1.819~10.433)、饮酒(OR=2.121,95%CI:1.096~4.102)、高血压(OR=2.164,95%CI:1.323~3.540)与认知障碍高风险相关;较高文化程度(与文盲比较,中学文化程度者OR=0.318,95%CI:0.132~0.767、专科及以上文化程度者OR=0.188,95%CI:0.077~0.463)、休闲活动(OR=0.108,95%CI:0.014~0.852)、锻炼活动(OR=0.429,95%CI:0.213~0.864)与认知障碍低风险相关。结论北京市朝阳区某社区认知障碍的患病情况不容小觑,应重点加强对高龄、低文化程度、饮酒和高血压病史人群健康生活方式的指导。Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of cognitive impairment in residents (≥ 50 years old)in a community of Chaoyang district in Beijing,and to provide the scientific basis for exploring the intervention methods of cognitive impairment. Methods In 2016,the random sampling method was used to select 1 499 residents (≥ 50 years old) in a community of Chaoyang district in Beijing as the subjects,the investigation was performed with questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory test. The χ2 test and trend χ2 test were used to analyze the data,the multiple variable logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of cognitive impairment in residents (≥50 years old). The used software was SPSS 22.0.Results There were 84(5.60%) residents (≥50 years old) with cognitive impairment in the community,the standardized detection rate was 6.45%. There were significant differences in cognitive impairment rate among people with different age,education level,drinking,leisure activities,exercise and hypertension history,P<0.05. Old age(as compared with 50-60 years old group,OR value of ≥80 years old group was 4.356,95%CI:1.819-10.433),drinking(OR=2.121,95%CI:1.096-4.102) and hypertension(OR=2.164,95%CI:1.323-3.540) were correlated to high risk of cognitive impairment;the higher educational level(as compared with illiteracy,OR value of middle school level was 0.318,95%CI:0.132-0.767,OR value of ≥ college level was0.188,95%CI:0.077-0.463),leisure(OR=0.108,95%CI:0.014-0.852) and exercise(OR=0.429,95%CI:0.213-0.864) were correlated with low cognitive impairment risk. Conclusion The prevalence of cognitive impairment in a community of Chaoyang District in Beijing should not be underestimated,and the emphasis should be placed on the guidance of healthy lifestyles for the elderly,the low educational residents,residents with drinking habit and those with hypertension history.

关 键 词：中老年人 认知障碍 影响因素 

分 类 号：R749.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]