我国硒淡水水生生物水质基准值推导  

Derivation of freshwater quality criteria of selenium for protection of aquatic organisms in China

作　　者：王婷 张红[3] 史雅娟[2] 张梦[2] 韩国祥 WANG Ting;ZHANG Hong;SHI Yajuan;ZHANG Meng;HAN Guoxiang(Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006;State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085;College of Environment and Resource Sciences,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006)

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所,太原030006 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心城市与区域生态国家重点实验室,北京100085 [3]山西大学环境与资源学院,太原030006

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2020年第4期1278-1285,共8页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(No.41671483);国家重点研发计划(No.2018YFC1801103)。

摘　　要：水体中硒含量过高会导致水生生态系统退化,而中国现有的地表水环境质量标准对硒的标准值设定并不是基于我国水生生物相关毒理学研究得出的,难以因地制宜地保护我国水生生物.为保护我国水生生物,本研究利用物种敏感度分布法,推导出基于最大无效应浓度(NOEC)、最低有效应浓度(LOEC)的慢性硒(无机)淡水水质一级基准值和基于半数致死效应浓度(LC50)、半数最大效应浓度(EC50)、半数抑制浓度(IC50)的急性硒(无机)淡水水质二级基准值分别为0.58μg·L^-1、0.52 mg·L^-1,发现我国现有的水质标准可能会对我国水生生物造成欠保护.进一步推导出为保护我国鱼类的硒(无机)淡水水质一级、二级基准值分别为0.21μg·L^-1、1.60 mg·L^-1,以及硒淡水鱼类饲料有机硒和无机硒含量一级基准值分别为97μg·kg^-1和98μg·kg^-1.本研究基于硒对水生生物的急性和慢性毒性效应,推导出硒的系列基准值,为保护我国淡水水生生物安全的标准制定提供数据支撑和科学依据.Excessive selenium in water leads to aquatic ecosystem degradation. However, the standard value of selenium in China′s existing environmental quality standards for surface water is not based on the toxicological research of aquatic organisms in China, so it is difficult to protect native species. In order to protect aquatic species, the first-level chronic freshwater quality criteria of selenium(inorganic) based on NOEC/LOEC and the second-level acute freshwater quality criteria of selenium(inorganic) based on LC50/EC50/IC50 were 0.58 μg·L^-1 and 0.52 mg·L^-1 by using the species sensitivity distribution method. Compared with the results, China′s water quality standards may cause insufficient protection for native species. Then, the first-level criteria of selenium(inorganic) and the second-level criteria of selenium(inorganic) for the protection of freshwater fishes were 0.21 μg·L^-1 and 1.60 mg·L^-1, respectively. And the first-level criteria of organic and inorganic selenium in freshwater fish feed were 97 mg·kg^-1 and 98 mg·kg^-1, respectively. In this study, acute and chronic toxicity effects of selenium on aquatic organisms were taken into account, and a series of criteria of selenium were derived to provide data support and scientific basis for the establishment of safety standards for freshwater aquatic organisms in China.

关 键 词：硒 淡水水生生物 淡水鱼类 水质基准 饲料安全限值 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X32