纳米CuO在水体环境中的转化行为及其对大型溞的毒性效应  

The transformation process of CuO nanoparticles in aqueous environment and its toxicity effects on Daphnia magna

作　　者：马增杰 赵焕新 张辉[2] 万斌[2] MA Zengjie;ZHAO Huanxin;ZHANG Hui;WAN Bin(Institute of Environmental and Safety Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110142;State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Eco⁃toxicology,Research Center for Eco⁃environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100085)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学,环境与安全工程学院,沈阳110142 [2]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,环境化学与生态毒理学国家重点实验室,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学学报》2020年第5期1858-1864,共7页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅科学研究项目(No.LQ2019015);国家自然科学基金(No.21577256)。

摘　　要：为探究纳米CuO颗粒(CuO NP)在水体中的环境暴露风险,考察了腐殖酸(SRHA)和酸根离子对CuO NP转化行为的影响,探讨了CuO NP在不同条件下转化对大型溞的毒性效应差异.结果表明,与单独水体中CuO NP的转化行为相比,H2PO4^-显著促进了CuO NP释放Cu^2+,Cl^-、NO3^-、SO4^2-对CuO NP的转化行为没有显著影响,而CO3^2-、HCO3^-、PO4^3-、HPO4^2-抑制了CuO NP中Cu^2+的释放;SRHA显著促进了CuO NP释放Cu^2+,但HCO3^-、PO4^3-的存在可以明显抑制SRHA促进CuO NP中Cu^2+释放的进程.CuO NP在单独水体中,以及在Cl^-、PO4^3-和SRHA+PO4^3-存在的水体中转化后对大型溞的致死中浓度为16~32 mg·L^-1,而在SRHA与SRHA+Cl^-存在的水体中转化后对大型溞的致死中浓度分别降到0.8和2.5 mg·L^-1,说明SRHA促进了CuO NP释放Cu^2+,提高了CuO NP颗粒分散性,使其易于被大型溞体内细胞组织摄取,增加了CuO NP对大型溞的毒性效应,因此,环境转化对CuO NP的环境暴露风险有重要影响.To evaluate the risk of CuO nanoparticles(CuO NP)exposure in aquatic environment,the dissolving behavior of CuO NP in aqueous solution containing humic acid(SRHA)or acidic ions was investigated,and the toxicity to Daphnia magna after its transformation in aqueous media was also measured.The presence of acidic ions,such as Cl^-,NO3^-,and SO4^2-,had little effect on their dissolving behavior,compared with that of water,whereas CO3^2-,HCO3^-,PO4^3-and HPO4^2-greatly inhibited the dissolving process of CuO NP.Although SRHA could significantly increase the dissolving rate of CuO NP,HCO3^-and PO4^3-exhibited great inhibitory effects on the process.The measured Median Lethal Concentrations(LC50)of CuO NP in Daphnia magna after transformation in water alone、Cl^-、PO4^3-and SRHA+PO4^3-were 16~32 mg·L^-1,but they decreased to 0.8 and 2.5 mg·L^-1 CuO NP in SRHA and SRHA+Cl^-solution,respectively,suggesting that the dissolved Cu2+rather than nanoparticles was the major source of toxicity.These results imply that including the transformation of CuO NP is critical to the evaluation of their risk of environmental exposure.

关 键 词：CuO NP 腐殖酸 酸根离子 环境转化 生物毒性 

分 类 号：X131.2[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X171.5