数据驱动型人力资源管理:述评与展望  

Reviews and Prospects of HR Analytics

作　　者：夏青 皇甫刚[1] Xia Qing;Huangfu Gang

机构地区：[1]中国传媒大学经济与管理学院

出　　处：《中国人事科学》2020年第6期72-87,共16页Chinese Personnel Science

摘　　要：数据驱动型人力资源管理(HR Analytics)是21世纪以来人力资源学术研究和实践创新的热门领域。国内外研究已对其的缘起、定义、特征、效用、实施路径、理论依据等有了一定认识。从内涵和特征看,HRA概念比"人力资源指标""人力资源计量"更加宽泛,其本质是以信息技术为基础、以可视化图表为手段,通过"数据+分析"实现对组织的诊断和预测,驱动和优化人力资源决策。作为实现战略人力资源管理的一种工具和技术手段,HRA是技术质变与实践应用的结合,目的并不在于构建理论,而在于解决生产中的实际问题、提升组织的业务效益。HRA的效用是为测量评估、分析汇报等提供可量化的证据,将人力资源流程、人员决策与业务成果、组织绩效等有效关联。其实施路径为:明确需要利用HRA解决的问题;通过先进的纵向多变量建模方法,回答问题;运用分析结果优化人力资源实践。未来HRA将与人工智能、机器学习等现代技术结合,广泛应用于人力资源招聘、培训、绩效管理等流程之中。HR Analytics is a newly emerged popular field of human resources academic research and practical innovation. Related researches have provided a certain understanding about its origin, definition, characteristics, utility, implementation path and theoretical basis. From the perspective of connotation and characteristics, the concept HR Analytics is broader than human resource index or measurement, with its data-driven essence to realize the diagnosis and forecast functions of the organization, drive and optimize human resource decision-making through "data + analysis" based on information technology by means of visualized charts. As a tool and technical means to achieve strategic human resource management, HR Analytics is a combination of technological leap and practical application, not aiming at constructing theories, but to solve practical problems in business and improve organizations’ benefits. It is to provide quantifiable evidence for measurement, evaluation, analysis and reporting, can effectively associate human resource processes, personnel decision-making with business results and organizational performance. HR Analytics follows the implementation path as: locating the clear problems that need to be solved;using an advanced vertical multivariate modeling method to solve them;then optimizing human resource practice with the analysis results. In future, HR Analytics will be combined with artificial intelligence, machine learning and more advanced technologies, and widely used in human resource recruitment, training, performance assessment and other processes.

关 键 词：人力资源管理 数据驱动 HR Analytics实践导向 大数据伦理 

分 类 号：C93[经济管理—管理学]