湖南农村学龄前儿童饮食行为问题及影响因素分析  

Prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan and its determinants

作　　者：李辉霞[1] 王华[1] 黄广文[1] 张湘兰 黄群[1] 肖娟[1] 冯娜 LI Huixia;WANG Hua;HUANG Guangwen;ZHANG Xianglan;HUANG Qun;XIAO Juan;FENG Na(Department of Child Health Care,Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Changsha(410008),China;不详)

机构地区：[1]湖南省妇幼保健院儿童保健科,长沙410008 [2]西北核技术研究院门诊部 [3]深圳市南山区妇幼保健院保健部

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2020年第5期692-696,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：科技部基础资源调查专项项目(2017FY101100);湖南省科技重大专项项目(2019SK1015)。

摘　　要：目的了解湖南农村学龄前儿童饮食行为问题的流行状况及其影响因素,为改善农村地区儿童饮食行为问题提供参考依据。方法 2019年8-11月在湖南农村采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法随机抽取24所幼儿园3 288名3~6岁儿童及其看护人为研究对象,进行儿童饮食行为问卷调查及末梢血血红蛋白检测,采用非条件Logistic回归模型进行影响因素分析。结果湖南农村学龄前儿童饮食行为问题检出率为66.8%(2 195/3 288),最主要的3类饮食行为问题检出率分别为胃口差40.1%(1 317/3 288)、对某种食物特别偏好43.6%(1 434/3 288)、不良进食习惯44.4%(1 460/3 288)。儿童饮食行为问题与留守儿童、看护人职业为机关事业专技人员、平均每天静态活动时间≥3 h、贫血、二手烟环境暴露呈正相关,与儿童年龄越大和日常有中等或高强度活动呈负相关。最主要的3类儿童饮食行为问题影响因素分析中,胃口差与留守儿童、贫血、二手烟环境暴露呈正相关,与日常有中等或高强度活动呈负相关;对某种食物特别偏好与留守儿童、看护人职业为机关事业专技人员、家庭年收入高、平均每天静态活动时间≥3 h呈正相关,与日常有中等或高强度活动呈负相关;不良进食习惯与留守儿童、看护人职业为机关事业专技人员、平均每天静态活动时间≥3 h呈正相关,与儿童年龄越大和日常有中等或高强度活动呈负相关(P值均<0.05)。结论湖南农村学龄前儿童饮食行为问题检出率高。儿童饮食行为问题受年龄、是否留守、看护人职业、家庭经济状况、活动、贫血、二手烟环境暴露等因素影响。Objective To understand the prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan,and to explore its determinants, so as to provide a reference for solving their eating behavior problems. Methods A multistage stratified cluster sampling method was used to randomly select 3 288 preschool children aged 3-6 years and their caregivers from 24 kindergartens between August and November 2019. Eating behavior problems questionnaire survey and peripheral blood hemoglobin detection were conducted among the preschool children, and unconditional Logistic regression model was used to analyze the determinants. Results The total prevalence of eating behavior problems among preschool children in rural Hunan was 66.8%( 2 195/3 288), and the three most common eating behavior problems were poor appetite( 40.1%, 1 317/3 288), picky eating( 43. 6%,1 434/3 288), poor eating habits( 44.4%, 1 460/3 288), respectively. The risk factors for general eating behavior problems included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, average daily static activity time≥3 hours, anemia, and second-hand smoke exposure, and older age and daily moderate/high intensity activities were protective factors. In the analysis of the three most common eating behavior problems: The risk factors for poor appetite included left-behind children, anemia, and second-hand smoke exposure, and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors. The risk factors for picky eating included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, high family income, average daily static activity time≥3 hours, and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors. The risk factors for poor eating habits included left-behind children, caregiver occupation as professional and technical staffs, average daily static activity time ≥ 3 hours, and older age and daily moderate/high intensity activities was protective factors. Conclusion The prevalence of eating beh

关 键 词：饮食习惯 危险行为 健康教育 回归分析 儿童 学龄前 农村人口 

分 类 号：R153.2[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学] R151[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]