煤直接液化重油饱和分中烃类化合物的定性定量研究  

Qualitative and quantitative study on saturated hydrocarbons of coal direct liquefaction heavy oil

作　　者：王琦[1,2,3] 李文博 曲思建 毛学锋 WANG Qi;LI Wenbo;QU Sijian;MAO Xuefeng(China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China;Beijing Research Institute of Coal Chemistry,China Coal Research Institute Corporation Ltd.,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of Coal Mining and Clean Utilization,Beijing 100013,China)

机构地区：[1]煤炭科学研究总院,北京100013 [2]煤炭科学技术研究院有限公司煤化工分院,北京100013 [3]煤炭资源高效开采与洁净利用国家重点实验室,北京100013

出　　处：《煤质技术》2020年第3期8-12,共5页Coal Quality Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0602403);山西省自然科学基金资助项目(U1610221)。

摘　　要：煤直接液化重油分子组成复杂导致其表征困难,从而限制其产品的深度加工利用。为研究煤直接液化重油中的烃类化合物组成而对煤液化重油进行窄馏分切割,获得了>360℃、360℃~380℃、380℃~400℃、400℃~420℃、>420℃等1个全馏分段和4个窄馏分段并分别对其进行密度和元素分析,且通过四组分分离得到饱和分。饱和分的收率随蒸馏程度的加深而逐渐下降,弱极性的烃类化合物逐渐减少,强极性的非烃类化合物逐渐增加。GC/MS定性定量表征结果表明:随蒸馏程度的加深,烷烃的碳数逐渐增加,霍烷仅存在于>360℃的全馏分和>420℃馏分中;烃类化合物中环烷烃含量占主导地位,其中一至四环烷烃含量分别为12.4%、14.7%、15.2%、12.2%,链烷烃含量为28.7%;除链烷烃和环烷烃外,煤直接液化重油饱和分中还存在16.5%的烷基苯,符合分离原理。The complex molecular composition of coal direct liquefaction heavy oil makes its characterization difficult,which limits the deep processing and utilization of its products.In order to study the composition of hydrocarbon compounds in direct coal liquefaction heavy oil,the narrow fraction of coal liquefaction heavy oil was cut.A full fraction and four narrow fractions were obtained,which were>360℃,360℃~380℃,380℃~400℃,400℃~420℃,and>420℃,and their density and element analysis were carried out respectively.The saturate was obtained by four component separation.With the deepening of distillation,the yield of saturates decreases,the hydrocarbons with weak polarity decrease and the non hydrocarbons with strong polarity increase.The results of qualitative and quantitative characterization by GC/MS show that with the deepening of distillation,the carbon number of alkanes increases gradually,and holane only exists in the full fraction of>360℃and the fraction of>420℃;the content of cycloalkanes is dominant in hydrocarbons,among which the content of one to four cycloalkanes is 12.4%,14.7%,15.2%,12.2%,the content of alkanes is 28.7%.Besides alkanes and cycloalkanes,there are 16.5%alkylbenzenes in the saturate of heavy oil in direct coal liquefaction,which accords with the separation principle.

关 键 词：煤直接液化重油 饱和分 烃类化合物 气相色谱质谱联用 窄馏分 蒸馏程度 

分 类 号：TQ529[化学工程—煤化学工程]