分形理论视域下歇后语生成机制新解  

Generation Mechanism of Xiehouyu Based on the Fractual Theory

作　　者：廖巧云 高梦婷 Liao Qiaoyun;Gao Mengting

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学语言研究院,上海200083

出　　处：《当代修辞学》2020年第3期61-70,共10页Contemporary Rhetoric

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“汉英语义修辞的文化机制对比研究”(项目编号:19AYY011);上海外国语大学校级重大科研项目“汉外语义修辞话语识解的文化机制对比讲究”(项目编号:2018114027)的部分成果。

摘　　要：本文在分形理论视域下,提出了歇后语生成机制分析框架即"表象-概念自相似性模型",对歇后语的生成机制进行了研究。歇后语的生成,在特定语境作用和意向性主导下,表达主体对表达对象产生感觉和感受,形成意欲表达的意向内容,并选择歇后语这一表达方式;基于前言和后语之间的自相似性,并依靠关联传承手段,实现从后语向前言的自相似性转换;再基于后语即"概念整体"的一个分形(前言)提取能将二者联系起来的可能性特征,并以此构建"A是B"表达式,最后生成能反映话语交际意图的歇后语表达。其中,基于前言与后语即分形与整体之间的自相似性提取可能性特征成为歇后语生成过程的关键。Based on the fractual theory,this paper probes into the generation mechanism of xiehouyu by proposing the Representation-Concept Self-Similarity Model( RCSSM). According to this model,the generating process of xiehouyu can be described as follows. Firstly,under the co-guidance of specific context and the speaker’s intentionality,the speaker chooses the expression of xiehouyu to communicate his intended content after having perception and feeling about the object to be expressed. Secondly,based on the self-similarity between two parts of xiehouyu,and relying on relevance-inheritance,xiehouyu undergoes a self-similarity transformation from the latter part to the former part of xiehouyu. Thirdly,the possible feature connecting the two parts of xiehouyu will be extracted from a certain representation,a fractual of the concept,thus constructing the representation of "A is B". Fourthly,there appears the rhetoric xiehouyu reflecting the speaker’s communicative intention. During this process,the latter part and the former part of xiehouyu are represented as a concept and one of its fractuals in the deep structure respectively. The possible feature,extracted based on the self-similarity of the two parts,functions as the key to generating xiehouyu.

关 键 词：歇后语 生成机制 分形 自相似性转换 可能性特征提取 

分 类 号：H136.3[语言文字—汉语]