髓样细胞触发受体2在阿尔茨海默病中作用机制的研究进展  

Research advances on the role of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease

作　　者：王俐君 高洁 李坤 徐颖[2] 王健 Wang Lijun;Gao Jie;Li Kun;Xu Ying;Wang Jian(School of Rehabilitation Science,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;School of Basic Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学康复医学院,201203 [2]上海中医药大学基础医学院,201203

出　　处：《中华老年医学杂志》2020年第5期605-608,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatrics

基　　金：上海市卫计委面上项目(201840228);上海市卫生健康委员会加快中医药事业发展三年行动计划项目(ZY(2018-2020)-CCCX-2001-06)。

摘　　要：神经炎症在阿尔茨海默病(AD)的病理过程中发挥着重要的作用,这一过程需要小胶质的参与。髓样细胞触发受体2(TREM2)基因错义突变是AD的危险因子,其编码的是小胶质细胞表面的单通道跨膜受体,通过与TYRO蛋白酪氨酸激酶-结合蛋白结合形成复合物调节下游通路。TREM2受体参与小胶质细胞的多种功能,如增殖、迁移、吞噬等。当TREM2在基因水平或表达水平发生异常时,影响小胶质细胞的功能,另外,TREM2能够与β淀粉样蛋白寡聚物结合,并且和Tau蛋白也有关联。这些均表明TREM2参与AD的病理过程,但是具体发挥怎样的作用尚存在争议。Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease(AD),which requires the involvement of microglia.Missense mutations in the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2(TREM2)gene are a risk factor for AD,and the gene encodes single-channel transmembrane receptors on the surface of microglia and regulates downstream signaling pathways by binding to TYRO protein tyrosine kinase-binding protein to form a complex.The TREM2 receptor participates in many functions of microglia,such as proliferation,migration,and phagocytosis.Microglia functions can be impaired when the TREM2 gene or its protein expression is abnormal.In addition,TREM2 can bind toβ-amyloid oligomers and is also associated with Tau proteins.All of these findings suggest that TREM2 is involved in the pathogenesis of AD,but its specific role remains a matter of dispute.

关 键 词：阿尔茨海默病 小神经胶质细胞 淀粉样Β蛋白前体 TAU蛋白质类 

分 类 号：R749.16[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]