从行路者到引路者--玛莎·施瓦茨的设计教学、实践与研究哲思  

From Explorer to Pioneer:Martha Schwartz’s Philosophy of Design Education,Practice and Research

作　　者：莫非  MO Fei;Martha Schwartz(School of Design,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,contributing editor of this journal;School of Design,Harvard University)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学设计学院风景园林系 [2]哈佛大学设计研究生院 [3]玛莎·施瓦茨合伙人事务所

出　　处：《风景园林》2020年第6期54-62,共9页Landscape Architecture

摘　　要：玛莎·施瓦茨是首位获得哈佛大学风景园林方向终身教职的女性设计师,在风景园林设计实践及教育领域具有广泛的国际影响力。专访中,玛莎就设计教学、实践和研究阐述了自己的核心思想。在教学方面,最根本的理念是帮助学生克服对设计的畏惧,建立个人的设计哲学与表达方式,启发他们通过观察和眼手协作的思维训练促进直觉和认知的发展。在实践方面,设计不仅要解决问题,更要建立设计与使用者的情感联系,并重点讲述了"面包圈花园"背后的故事及其发表后的影响。在研究方面,强调了风景园林对缓解城市环境问题、建立低碳地球系统的意义。Martha Schwartz is the first female designer who obtained a tenured position at Harvard Graduate School of Design.She has a remarkable international influence in the domain of landscape architecture education and practice.In this interview,Martha explained her core philosophy of design education,practice and research.Her fundamental teaching philosophy is centered on the need to help students to overcome the fear of design;the formation of their design philosophy and expressions;development of intuition and cognition through observations and hand-eye-coordination training.She stated that design should not merely aim to resolve environmental issues,but to build emotional connections with people through design.In this conversation,the history of creating the Bagel Garden was covered,together with the influences produced by publishing it in the Landscape Architecture Magazine.The discussion also highlighted the role of landscape research in resolving urban environmental issues and potential contributions to a decarbonized earth system.

关 键 词：设计教育 设计实践 眼手协作 直觉 面包圈花园 脱碳 地球系统 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学] TU986-4[文化科学—教育学]