400m障碍腾空跳跃矮墙相关肌群sEMG遥测与分析  

The Telemetry and Analysis of the Associated sEMG While Jumping Low Wall in 400m Obstacle

作　　者：吴潇男 WU Xiaonan;ZAN Lei;SUN Bowen(Information Communication Institute,National Uiversity of Defense Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi,China 710106)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学信息通信学院试验训练基地,陕西西安710106

出　　处：《军事体育学报》2019年第2期107-110,共4页Journal of Military Physical Education and Sports

摘　　要：目的:研究400m障碍腾空跳跃矮墙动作主要原动肌群表面肌电(sEMG)的工作特征。方法:本文采用sEMG技术与解剖学动作分析方法,配合sEMG同步采集视频,对某军校7名400m障碍成绩优秀且技术动作规范的男性学员进行原始肌电图、积分肌电值(iEMG)和肌肉做功贡献率(iEMG%)的测试与分析。结果:上摆前伸一侧下肢肌群和腹直肌发力顺序为:腹直肌、股四头肌、腘绳肌、胫前肌率先同步发力,随后腓肠肌、臀大肌依次发力;iEMG与iEMG%从大到小依次为:腓肠肌、腹直肌、臀大肌、胫前肌、股四头肌、腘绳肌。蹬地起跳一侧下肢肌群和腹直肌发力顺序特点为:6块肌肉几乎在第一时间同步发力;iEMG与iEMG%从大到小依次为:腓肠肌、胫前肌、腹直肌、腘绳肌、股四头肌、臀大肌。结论:在腾空跳越矮墙的教学训练中,应强化摆动腿一侧,起跳-腾空阶段屈体收腹、积极"提膝-伸展-侧摆"大腿的技术动作训练;加强腓肠肌、腹直肌、臀大肌、胫前肌以及髂腰肌和缝匠肌、筋膜扩张肌的肌肉力量训练。蹬地起腿跳一侧,应注重发展起跳腿腓肠肌、胫前肌、腹直肌、腘绳肌和股四头肌的肌肉力量,提高起跳腿肌群的蹬踏能力和快速收缩能力;同时加强蹬伸结束后,快速"收腹-屈髋-屈膝-勾脚"的关键技术环节训练。Objective:The purpose of the essay is to study the working characteristics of surface electromyography(sEMG)of the main motor group of 400m obstacle jump low wall.Methods:This paper uses sEMG and anatomical motion analysis method to collect the video synchronously data with sEMG.Seven male students with excellent 400m obstacle score and technical action are selected to carry out the test and analysis of the work contribution rate(iEMG%)and that of the primitive electromyography(EMG)as well as that of integral electromyogram(EMG)Results:The order that lower limb muscle and rectus abdominis function is as follows:rectus abdominis,quadriceps femoris,hamstring and tibialis anterior muscle first and followed by gastrocnemius and gluteus maximus.The iEMG and iEMG%order from large to small is:gastrocnemius,rectus abdominis,gluteus maximus,tibialis anterior muscle,quadriceps,hamstring.The function sequence order of the lower limber muscles and rectus abdominis is characterized by the fact that six pieces of muscles function almost simultaneously.The iEMG and iEMG%order from large to small is in the order of gastrocnemius,tibialis anterioris,hamstring,quadriceps,gluteus maximus.Conclusion:It is necessary to pay attention to exercise gastrocnemius muscle,rectus abdominis,gluteus maximus muscle,gluteus maximus muscle,gluteus maximus muscle and such critical aspects training in the stage of flight when one leg is swung upward and stretched forward.And also the development of gastrocnemius,rectus abdominis,gluteus maximus,tibialis anterior muscle and iliopsoas muscle strength need to be focused on.For the jumping leg,it is important to exercise the muscle strength so as to improve the ability to lift the leg muscles and rapid contraction.

关 键 词：400M障碍 腾空跳跃矮墙 表面肌电 原始肌电图 积分肌电值 肌肉做功贡献率 

分 类 号：G807.03[文化科学—体育训练]