文学绘图:文学空间研究与叙事学的重叠地带  

Literary Cartography:An Overlapping Territory of Spatial Literary Studies and Narratology

作　　者：方英[1] Fang Ying(the College of Science&Technology Ningbo University,Ningbo 315300,China)

机构地区：[1]宁波大学科学技术学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2020年第2期39-51,共13页Foreign Literature Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“文学空间批评研究”(17BZW057);浙江省哲学社会科学规划一般项目“西方空间理论观照下的小说批评模式研究”(17NDJC129YB)。

摘　　要："文学绘图"是美国"文学空间研究"领军学者罗伯特·塔利提出的重要概念,以地图绘制喻指文学写作,尤其是通过"叙事"完成的创造性表征,揭示了写作等文学活动乃绘制主体与更宏大的时空整体的关系,并探究文学如何表征并建构这一整体性。文学绘图不仅是文学空间研究的核心概念,也是叙事研究的重要开拓。首先,文学绘图体现了绘图、叙事和存在的根本性联系;其次,文学绘图研究重视叙事地图和叙事绘图,既包括"真实"可见的地图,也指以语言符号绘制叙事地图,涉及绘图模式、话语、视角等问题;第三,文学绘图可用于对特定作品和作家创作、特定时期或特定文类的叙事形式/模式及其绘图特征的讨论。文学绘图理论在方法论、认识论乃至本体论层面讨论并揭示了叙事空间性的意义和价值,强调了叙事形式/模式乃至叙事本身的意识形态性。“Literary Cartography”is an important concept advocated by Robert T.Tally Jr.,a leading scholar in the field of spatial literary studies in the US.Using the making of maps as a metaphor for literary writing,especially the creative representation accomplished through narrative,this concept reveals that writing and other literary activities attempt to not only map the connection between subjectivity and a broader spatiotemporal totality,but also explore how literature represents and constructs the totality.Literary cartography is both the core of Spatial Literary Studies and a major expansion in Narratological studies.Firstly,it embodies the fundamental connection between mapping,narrative,and human existence;secondly,the studies of literary cartography stress narrative maps/mapping,including the“real”tangible maps and the narrative mapping with words,which may involve various modes,discourses,and points of view of mapping;thirdly,it can be employed to explore the narrative form/mode and the mapping characteristics of a certain text,author,time period or genre.The theory of literary cartography not only discusses and discloses the methodological,epistemological,and ontological significance and value of narrative spatiality on the one hand and,on the other,stresses the ideology of narrative forms/modes and even narrative itself.

关 键 词：文学绘图 罗伯特·塔利 叙事地图/绘图 叙事形式/模式 意识形态 

分 类 号：I04[文学—文学理论] I06