日粮添加甜菜碱对锦江黄牛瘤胃体外发酵特性的影响  

Effect of dietary supplementation of betaine on rumen in vitro fermentation parameters of Jinjiang cattle

作　　者：李美发 辛均平 丁鹏举 王世辉 王江北 汪弯弯 瞿明仁[1] 许兰娇[1] Li Meifa;Xin Junping;Ding Pengju;Wang Shihui;Wang Jiangbei;Wang Wanwan;Qu Mingren;Xu Lanjiao

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学江西省动物营养重点实验室/饲料工程研究中心,江西南昌330045

出　　处：《饲料工业》2020年第11期18-21,共4页Feed Industry

基　　金：国家现代肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目[CARS-37];国家重点研发计划[2018YFD0501804]。

摘　　要：为探究甜菜碱对锦江黄牛瘤胃微生物及其发酵功能的影响,试验选用3只装有瘤胃瘘管的健康锦江黄牛(体重约为350 kg)提供瘤胃液。试验设计采用单因素,试验分为5组,每组3个重复。在日粮中添加甜菜碱:0(对照组)、4、8、12、16 mg/g,体外发酵24 h后,测定干物质消化率(IVDMD)、氨态氮(NH3-N)、微生物蛋白(MCP)、pH值、挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)等相关发酵参数。结果表明:①8、12、16 mg/g添加组总挥发性脂肪酸、丙酸含量较对照组有所提高,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。添加量为8、12、16 mg/g组的乙酸含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05);各试验组的丁酸含量与对照组相比有所提高,而乙酸/丙酸比例随着添加水平的增加,有降低的趋势,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。②各试验组中NH3-N和MCP的含量相比于对照组有所提高,但是差异不显著(P>0.05);添加量为8、12、16 mg/g组的干物质消化率高于对照组,而各组的pH值无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,在本试验条件下,在日粮中,添加一定比例的甜菜碱有助于改善体外干物质消化,同时有增加NH3-N、MCP、VFA的含量的趋势。综合本试验的各个指标以及实际生产中经济因素,添加8 mg/g的甜菜碱较为适当。In order to investigate the effect of betaine on rumen microorganism and fermentation function of Jinjiang cattle,three healthy Jinjiang cattle(about 350 kg)with rumen fistula were selected to provide rumen fluid.Single factor was used in the experimental design.The experiment was divided into 5 groups with 3 replicates in each group.Different levels of betaine were added to the diet,after 24 hours fermentation in vitro,the fermentation parameters:dry matter digestibility(IVDMD),ammonia nitrogen(NH3-N),microbial protein(MCP),pH,volatile fatty acid(VFA)were determined.The results showed that:①the contents of total volatile fatty acids and propionic acids in the 8,12 and 16 mg/g groups were higher than that of control group,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The content of acetic acid in 8,12 and 16 mg/g groups was significantly higher than that of control group(P<0.05).The content of butyric acid in each experimental group was higher than that of control group,while the proportion of acetic acid/propionic acid decreased with the in⁃crease of the addition level,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).②The content of NH3-N and MCP in each experimental group was higher than that of control group,but the difference was not significant(P>0.05).The dry matter digestibility of 8,12,16 mg/g group was higher than that of the control group,but there was no significant difference in the pH of each group(P>0.05).To sum up,under the conditions of this experiment,adding a certain proportion of betaine to the diet can improve the digestion of dry matter in vitro,and increase the content of NH3-N,MCP and VFA.According to the indexes of this experiment and the economic factors in actual production,it is more appropriate to add 8 mg/g betaine.

关 键 词：甜菜碱 锦江黄牛 体外发酵 挥发性脂肪酸 干物质消化率 

分 类 号：S816.32[农业科学—饲料科学]