华北冬季能见度变化的三种典型特征及影响因子分析  

Analysis of Three Typical Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Winter Visibility Variation in North China

作　　者：李兆阳 奚晓霞[1] 杨辉 丁明科 LI Zhaoyang;XI Xiaoxia;YANG Hui;DING Mingke(College of Atmospheric Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730030,China;Unit 93741,Chinese People’s Liberation Army,Chengde 067500,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学大气科学学院,甘肃兰州730030 [2]中国人民解放军93741部队,河北承德067500

出　　处：《环境保护科学》2020年第3期30-36,共7页Environmental Protection Science

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB03020404)。

摘　　要：利用华北地区常规观测数据、NCEP/NCAR再分析数据以及环境质量数据,采用经验正交函数分解、回归分析、相关分析等方法,对华北地区1981~2017年冬季能见度变化特征及影响因子进行分析,结果表明:在能见度趋势变化上,20世纪90年代中期后,北京及其周边少部分区域的冬季平均能见度经历了上升过程,而其它区域冬季能见度变化趋势则相反,这种反相变化特征与污染物排放量的局地差异关系密切;能见度的低频波动变化与冬季风强度具有显著的正相关关系;能见度的高频波动特征则与温度、相对湿度、风速等局地气象要素有关,在华北中部、南部,能见度与温度、风速呈正相关,与相对湿度呈负相关,在华北北部,能见度同温度、相对湿度的关系并不显著,与风速呈负相关关系。Based on the conventional ground observation data,NCEP/NCAR reanalyzed data and the environmental quality data in North China,the typical characteristics and their influencing factors of winter visibility variation in North China from 1981 to 2017 are analyzed by the empirical orthogonal function decomposition,regression analysis and correlation analysis.It is found that the winter visibility experiences a rising process in Beijing and its surrounding areas after the mid-1990s,while that of other areas experiences the opposite trend.The characteristic of the inverse phase change is closely related to the differences of pollutant emissions.There is a certain positive correlation between the winter monsoon intensity and the low-frequency fluctuation characteristic of winter visibility.The high-frequency fluctuation characteristic of visibility is related to meteorological elements such as temperature,relative humidity and wind speed.In the central and southern parts of North China,visibility is positively correlated with temperature and wind speed,and negatively correlated with relative humidity.However,visibility is not significantly correlated with temperature and relative humidity,but has a negative correlation with wind speed in the northern part of North China.

关 键 词：大气能见度 华北地区 经验正交函数分解 变化特征 影响因子 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]