低渗溶液促进小麦种子萌发的生理机制  

Physiological Mechanism of Hypoosmotic Solution Promoting Germination of Wheat Seeds

作　　者：冯岳 魏永胜[1] 冯浩[4] FENG Yue;WEI Yongsheng;FENG Hao(College of Life Sciences,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;Key Laboratory of Photobiology,Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences,Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100093,China;College of Life Sciences,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Yangling National Engineering Research Center for Water-Saving Irrigation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学生命科学学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院植物研究所光生物学重点实验室,100093 [3]中国科学院大学生命科学学院,北京100049 [4]西北农林科技大学国家节水灌溉杨凌技术研究中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2020年第3期428-435,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室基金(A314021402-1918);国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2013AA102904)。

摘　　要：低渗溶液引发以促进种子萌发是普遍现象,但其促进机制并不明确,因此研究引发效应的生理机制有利于更好地在实践中应用引发技术。本试验以小麦品种‘小偃22’为试材,以未引发种子为对照,研究纯水、-0.3和-0.7 MPa NaCl溶液处理对小麦种子萌发过程及生理指标的影响。结果表明:经-0.3 MPa NaCl溶液处理可提高小麦种子的最终萌发率,且细胞膜相对透性和MDA质量摩尔浓度最低,而可溶性蛋白质量分数、α-淀粉酶活性和总淀粉酶活性最高,但吸水速率和吸水量低于纯水引发,尤其是在吸水初期。而经过-0.7 MPa NaCl溶液处理的种子萌发率最低,受到明显的渗透胁迫。说明适度的NaCl胁迫引发对小麦种子的萌发有促进作用,但这种作用并不是通过提高吸水速率和吸水量来实现的,而是通过促进细胞膜修复和提高α-淀粉酶活性实现的。It is common to promote seed germination by hypoosmotic solution,but its promotion mechanism is unclear,thus study of the physiological mechanism of priming effect is helpful to apply the technology.In this experiment,the wheat variety‘Xiaoyan 22’was used as the test material,unprimed seeds as control,the effects of pure water,-0.3 and-0.7 MPa NaCl solution on germination process and physiological indexes of wheat seeds were studied.The results showed that the treatment with-0.3 MPa NaCl solution could increase the final germination rate of wheat seeds,and lead to the lowest cell membrane relative permeability and MDA molality,highest soluble protein molacity,α-amylase activity and total amylase activity,but the rate and amount of water absorption were lower than the case with pure water,especially at the early stage of water absorption.The seed treated with-0.7 MPa NaCl solution had the lowest germination rate and was obviously subject to osmotic stress.The results indicated that moderate NaCl stress promoted the germination of wheat seeds,however,this effect was not achieved by increase of the rate and amount of the water absorption,but it could be achieved by promoting cell membrane repair and increasingα-amylase activity.

关 键 词：低渗溶液 小麦 种子引发 最终萌发率 Α-淀粉酶活性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]