流域水文遥感的科学问题与挑战  

Remote Sensing for Watershed Hydrology:Issues and Challenges

作　　者：刘元波[1] 吴桂平[1] 赵晓松[1] 范兴旺[1] 潘鑫 甘国靖 刘永伟 郭瑞芳 周晗 王颖 王若男[1] 崔逸凡 Liu Yuanbo;Wu Guiping;Zhao Xiaosong;Fan Xingwang;Pan Xin;Gan Guojing;Liu Yongwei;Guo Ruifang;Zhou Han;Wang Ying;Wang Ruonan;Cui Yifan(Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;School of Earth Science and Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing 211100,China;School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070;Sanjiang University,Nanjing 210012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008 [2]河海大学地球科学与工程学院,江苏南京211100 [3]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [4]三江学院,江苏南京210012

出　　处：《地球科学进展》2020年第5期488-496,共9页Advances in Earth Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“通江湖泊干旱多成因机制研究”(编号:41430855);“含迟滞效应的非参数化蒸散计算方法研究”(编号:51879255)资助.

摘　　要：21世纪以来,水文遥感得到长足发展并成为当前地球科学的研究热点之一,同时也在流域生态水文过程研究中发挥了不可替代的作用,成为当前流域生态水文研究的重要手段。流域水文遥感在研究内容、研究方法、实际应用等方面具有流域整体性要求,涉及流域水量收支的闭合约束、要素反演检验的流域有效性以及流域水文模型的数据同化,指出流域尺度的反演检验、反演结果的不确定性和数据同化的误差溯源是当前面临的科学挑战。With significant development since the beginning of the 21 st century,hydrologic remote sensing becomes one of the most active disciplines in earth sciences,offering numerous opportunities and advances for watershed hydrology and other disciplines of geography. This commentary highlights the specialty and restriction of remote sensing for watershed hydrology on three aspects:watershed closure in water budget,watershed-scale effectiveness of hydrologic parameter retrievals,and watershed model inputs for data assimilation. The current challenges include rational watershed-scale validation,uncertainty control in retrievals,and error sources in data assimilation.

关 键 词：水文遥感 流域水量平衡要素 流域水文过程 数据同化 

分 类 号：P343.3[天文地球—水文科学]