面向年龄和车辆前部差异的行人下肢交通损伤  

Injury Investigation in Lower Limb Caused by Automotive Shapes and Pedestrian Ages during Traffic Crashes

作　　者：曲志冬 肖森 黄晶[2] 郄彦朝 QU Zhidong;XIAO Sen;HUANG Jing;QIE Yanchao(Tianjin Key Laboratory of Power Transmission and Safety Technology for New Energy Vehicles,Hebei University of Technology,Tianjin,300401;The State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design&Manufacturing for Vehicle Body,Hunan University,Changsha,410080)

机构地区：[1]河北工业大学天津市新能源汽车动力传动与安全技术重点实验室,天津300401 [2]湖南大学汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410080

出　　处：《中国机械工程》2020年第10期1203-1212,共10页China Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(61871173);国家重点研发计划资助项目(2017YFB0103703);河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(QN2019123)。

摘　　要：行人的交通损伤多发生在下肢且损伤程度与车辆前部外形相关。为揭示车辆前端结构造成行人下肢损伤的差异成因并确定此类损伤的机理,根据中国人体特征和骨骼材料特性建立了不同年龄的下肢模型,并结合车辆前部结构特征模拟了正面碰撞,分析了年龄、车辆前部结构与下肢损伤的定量关系。结果表明,年龄差异会造成显著的关节损伤差异;汽车前围结构影响行人下肢损伤的部位,且较小的离地间隙和较宽的前围造成的下肢损伤较小。Pedestrian traffic injuries mostly occured in lower limbs,and the degree of injury was related to the front shape of vehicles.In order to reveal the different causes of pedestrian lower limb injuries caused by front end structure of vehicles and confirm the mechanism of such injuries,models of lower limbs of different ages were established based on the characteristics of Chinese human body and bone materials.Frontal collision was simulated in combination with front structural features of vehicles,and the quantitative relationship among age,front structure of vehicles,and lower limb injuries was analysed.The results show that age differences may cause significant differences in joint injury.Meanwhile,the structures of car s front walls affect the location of pedestrians lower limb injuries;lower ground clearance and wider front wall may cause less serious lower leg injury.

关 键 词：关节损伤 车身前围 刚度分布 年龄差异 正面碰撞 

分 类 号：U467.14[机械工程—车辆工程]