我国本科教与学过程的特征与问题分析  

Analysis on the Characteristics and Problems of Undergraduate Teaching and Learning Process in China

作　　者：阎光才[1] YAN Guangcai(East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学高等教育研究所,上海200062

出　　处：《中国高教研究》2020年第5期1-8,共8页China Higher Education Research

基　　金：“四个一批”人才工程资助项目“基于学生与学习变化的大学教师教与学的变革”;国家教育宏观政策研究院重点项目“当前我国本科教与学过程中的重大问题与对策研究”的研究成果。

摘　　要：调查报告基于学生发展、课程质量、学生学习行为、教师教学行为和本科教学支持环境等多个维度,对当前我国高校本科教学过程特征和效果等,予以了较为系统全面的摸底,尝试揭示其中存在的主要问题。调查数据显示,我国高校本科教学总体表现良好,但有如下发现值得特别关注:本科科研是提升学生能力的最重要活动,学业成绩良好和具有传统就业偏好的学生,在有关批判性思维与问题解决能力方面的表现却并无优势;总体上,学生学习更倾向于为外在动机主导,学习策略带有浅层化;相对而言,公共必修课与选修课整体质量堪忧,评价较为负面;教学过程中教师的学科素养表现较好,但教学素养略显不足;众多以学生为中心的教学形式与方法,没有显现出其优势,各种教育技术的使用效果并不尽人意;书院制以及学业导师制度的改革效果依旧不够理想,行政支持力度明显不足。Based on the dimensions of undergraduate development, course quality, learning behavior of students, teaching behavior of faculty and support environment, this report provides a systematic and comprehensive description of the characteristics and effects of the current undergraduate teaching process in universities in China,and tries to reveal some main problems. The survey data shows that the overall performance of undergraduate teaching is good generally, but the following findings should be given more attention: undergraduate research is the most influential activity to improve students’ capacity, students with good academic record and traditional employment preferences have no advantage in the performance of critical thinking and problem solving skills. On the whole, students’ learning is more inclined to be dominated by extrinsic motivation, and their learning strategies are relatively superficial. Comparatively, the overall quality of compulsory and elective courses is worrying, and the feedback from students is relatively negative. In the process of instruction, the teachers’ subject accomplishment is much better rather than the scholarship of teaching. Some student-centered teaching methods as well as various educational information technologies do not show their advantages. The reform effect of college system and academic tutor system is still not ideal, and the administrative support is obviously insufficient.

关 键 词：调查研究 本科生 教与学 学生发展 

分 类 号：G642[文化科学—高等教育学]