啤酒花挥发油成分及其杀螨活性分析  

Chemical Composition and Toxicity of the Essential Oil derived from Humulus lupulus against Tetranychus turkestani

作　　者：赵娜娜[1] 傅文佳 路伟[1] 古丽米热 杜书亚 ZHAO Nana;FU Wenjia;LU Wei;Gvlmira Amat;DU Shuya(College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2020年第6期1142-1150,共9页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“新疆南部棉区棉花化肥农药减施增效技术集成与示范”(2017YFD0201903);新疆农业大学校内前期项目(XJAU201521)。

摘　　要：【目的】测定4种植物精油的杀螨毒力,分析其有效成分,为新型植物性杀螨剂的研究提供理论依据。【方法】通过水蒸气蒸馏法提取4种植物精油,叶片浸渍法测定不同植物精油对土耳其斯坦叶螨的毒力。【结果】啤酒花、香青兰精油对土耳其斯坦叶螨的触杀活性较好,LC50分别为13.30、26.28 mg/mL,其中啤酒花的活性最好;驱虫斑鸠菊、欧洲鳞毛蕨精油的触杀活性较弱,LC50分别为47.50、83.09 mg/mL。通过气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS)对活性植物啤酒花的精油进行成分分析,从啤酒花精油中分离鉴定出48个化合物,主要成分为1a,2,5,5-四甲基-反式-1a,4a,5,6,7,8-六氢-γ-铬烯(17.15%)、(S,E)-3,7,11-三甲基-6,10-十二碳二烯酸甲酯(8.26%)以及石竹烯氧化物(7.99%)等。【结论】啤酒花精油杀螨活性较好,具有开发为天然杀螨剂的潜力。【Objective】To determine the toxicity of 4 kinds of plant essential oils and to analyze the active components in the hope providing theoretical basis for the study of new plant acaricide.【Method】Four kinds of plant essential oils were extracted by steam distillation,and the toxicity of different plant essential oils against the spider mite,Tetranychus turkestani,was determined by leaves-immersion bioassays.【Result】The result of the study showed that two essential oils of Humulus lupulus L.,Dracocephalum moldavica L.exhibited strong contact toxicity against adult T.turkestani with LC50(median lethal concentration)value of 13.30 and 26.28 mg/mL,the activity of Ver-nohia anthelmintica(L.)willd essential oil with the LC50 value of 47.50 mg/mL,was weak,the worst activity was Dryopteris filix-mas with the LC50 value of 83.09 mg/mL.The commercial essential oil of H.lupulus was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and 48 compounds were identified,and the main components of the essential oil of H.lupulus were 1a,2,5,5,Tetramethyl-trans-1a,4a,5,6,7,8-hexahydro-gamma-chromene(17.15%),(S,E)-3,7,11-Trimethyl-6,10-dodecadienoic acid methyl ester(8.26%)and Caryophyllene oxide(7.99%)【Conclusion】The study indicates that the essential oil of H.lupulus has potential to be developed into natural acaricide for the control of spider mites.

关 键 词：啤酒花 精油 土耳其斯坦叶螨 触杀活性 

分 类 号：S4779[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]