法庭科学国际标准制定工作研究与启示  

Deliberation into the Stipulation of Forensic International Standard

作　　者：张宁[1] 翟晚枫[1] 花锋[1] ZHANG Ning;ZHAI Wanfeng;HUA Feng(Institute of Forensic Science,Ministry of Public Security,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]公安部物证鉴定中心,北京100038

出　　处：《刑事技术》2020年第3期221-228,共8页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC0807304);北京市科技新星计划(Z191100001119039);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2018JB031)。

摘　　要：法庭科学系列国际标准ISO 21043规定了法庭科学实施过程中的一系列程序和质量要求,覆盖了法庭科学领域的术语定义以及物证发现、记录、收集、运输、存储、分析、解释、报告的全流程,是国际标准化组织(ISO)在法庭科学领域的顶层标准。ISO 21043由ISO法庭科学技术委员会(ISO/TC 272)负责制定。该标准的研制和发布对于增强物证可信度、建立规范的犯罪现场勘查和实验室检验流程、有效协调和平衡各国标准之间的冲突、促进不同国家和地区间法庭科学合作交流具有重要意义。本文介绍了ISO法庭科学国际标准化及ISO/TC 272的工作概况,包括其制定标准情况、国际标准制定流程、标准工作会议情况等,评述了ISO 21043系列国际标准的制定背景和编制进展,提出并分析了欧美主导、交叉重复、工作范围认识不一致等相关问题,总结了标准化工作管理制度、程序意识、专业精神、标准化研究、采标进程等方面的体会与思考,以期为我国深度参与法庭科学国际标准化治理提供启示和参考。Forensic international standard ISO 21043 specifies a series of procedures and quality requirements for the implementation of forensic science,covering the defi nition of terms in forensic science and the entire process of evidential material recognition,recording,collection,transportation,storage,analysis,interpretation and notification.It is the toptier standard of the International Organization for Standardization(ISO)in the forensic field since developed by the ISO Forensic Sciences Committee(ISO/TC 272).The development and release of the standard is of great signifi cance to enhance the credibility of physical evidence,set up standardized crime-scene investigation and laboratory examination procedures,effectively coordinate and balance conflicts among country-enabling standards,and promote scientific cooperation and intelligence exchanges between forensic service providers in various countries and regions.With at-fi rst introduction of the progress of forensic international standardization and the work of ISO/TC 272,this article elucidated the international standard project progression,international standard stipulation process and ISO/TC 272 working meetings,having reviewed the background and progressive development of the ISO 21043 international standard.Besides,analysis was carried out into the related issues such as Euro-centricity,overlapping standards and inconsistency in the understanding of ISO/TC 272 adaptable scope.Furthermore,the experience and cognition were summarized about forensic international standardization of the pertinent management system,procedural orientation,professionalism,scientifi c research and standard adoption.This essay may provide inspirations and suggestions for China to in-depth participate into the forensic international standardization.

关 键 词：法庭科学 国际标准化 ISO 21043 标准制定 

分 类 号：DF794[政治法律—诉讼法学]