光敏指模指印鉴别方法研究  

Distinguishing the Fingerprint Produced with Its Photosensitive Mold from the Real Fingermark

作　　者：王勇[1] 张宇宽 WANG Yong;ZHANG Yukuan(Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China;Nantian Firm of Judicial Expertise,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学刑事侦查学院,重庆401120 [2]广东南天司法鉴定所,深圳518000

出　　处：《刑事技术》2020年第3期242-245,I0002,共5页Forensic Science and Technology

摘　　要：目的通过对光敏指模指印与捺印指印的比较研究,总结两种指印的成印特点差异,为准确鉴别指印形成方式提供依据,进而为识别指印真伪和准确判明案件事实提供证据。方法利用光敏印章制造原理和方法制作指纹印模,将复制出的指模指印与手指指纹捺印的指印进行比较,发现指模指印不同于捺印指印的纹线特征,进一步探讨这些特征的成因及鉴定价值。结果光敏指模指印由于制作工艺、印面结构、取油方式、盖印条件等多方面因素的影响,容易出现其独有的不同于捺印指印的印文特征。结论光敏指纹印模所形成指印特征有别于正常指印,通过仔细检验能够准确鉴别。Objective To compare the fingerprint produced with its photosensitive mold against the real fi ngermark so as to discover the distinctions between the two kinds of fi ngerprint fi nished version,thereby building up a foundation for veracious identifi cation into the way to give birth of fi ngerprint so that whether one fi ngerprint is real or artifi cial will be recognized and evidence is thus able to provide for the relating case to be judged on authenticity.Methods Based on the principle and method of photosensitive seal manufacturing,the fi ngerprint mold was made to produce its duplicated fi ngerprint fi nished version that was compared with the fi ngerprint resulted from the relevant real finger impressing onto a receiver,e.g.,a piece of paper.It was revealed that the fi ngerprint produced with the photosensitive mold was different of the characteristic lines(loops and whorls)from those of the real fingerprint.Furthermore,the discussion was made into the difference of the revealed characteristic features about their cause of formation and identifi cation value.Results The fi ngerprint produced with photosensitive mold is prone to engender the unique characteristics different from the real fi nger-pressed fi ngerprint due to its production process,the structure of the printed surface,the way to take oil,the seal impressing conditions and other factors.Conclusion The fingerprint characteristics resulted from the photosensitive mold are different from the real fingerprint,capable of being accurately identifi ed through careful scrutiny and comparison.

关 键 词：指纹学 光敏指模 伪造 特征 鉴别 

分 类 号：DF794.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]