金纳米粒子在潜指纹显现中的应用  

Application of Gold Nanoparticles into Developing Latent Fingerprint

作　　者：王仲来 张露露 张静静 刘玉娇 WANG Zhonglai;ZHANG Lulu;ZHANG Jingjing;LIU Yujiao(Institute of Public Security Technology,Gansu University of Political Science and Law,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃政法大学公安技术学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《刑事技术》2020年第3期289-294,共6页Forensic Science and Technology

基　　金：兰州市科技计划项目(2019-1-45);高教司国家级大学生创新创业项目(201811406001S);甘肃政法大学研究生科研创新项目(2019025)。

摘　　要：在潜指纹显现技术中,纳米材料的制备和应用技术是目前研究的热点之一。与其它纳米材料相比,金纳米粒子具有更明显的显现优势,因而成为重点研究对象。基于金纳米粒子的新型显现技术将现代仪器分析技术与传统指纹形态分析方法相结合,能够观察到更加清晰的三级指纹结构特征,从而为指纹识别提供了更加丰富的比对依据。另外,金纳米粒子还能够与外源性化合物发生特异性结合,进一步提高了黑索金等爆炸物检测的准确性和灵敏度。本文综述了金纳米粒子显现潜指纹的研究进展,概述了金纳米粒子在粉末法、金属沉积法、功能化显现法以及新型技术中的显现原理,对比分析了不同技术的特点、灵敏性、时效性、应用性和适用范围,为潜指纹显现技术研究提供一定的参考依据。Latent fingerprints(LFPs)are of fi nger skins’impressions which will be likely found at the crime scene.They are of the most useful physical evidence in forensic identifi cation though most of them are invisible,requiring physical or chemical treatments to enhance their visualization.To date,variety of methods have been exploited for LFPs development,usually characterized by their efficiency and applicable fi elds.For method selection of LFPs developing,considerations should be placed into these factors:the properties of the surface where the fingerprints deposited,the composition of secretions from finger skin,the age of the fingerprints and the surface condition(wet or not).Presently,nanomaterials are of the current hotspots in researches for LFPs development.Among them,gold nanoparticles are of more advantages,consequently becoming the research focus.Gold nanoparticles are much smaller than most of the particles currently used in practical fi ngerprint development,having quite different properties such as surface area and roughness so that they are in turn leading to different chemical and physical properties.The new gold-nanoparticle-based LFPs development technology is able to combine the modern instrument analysis with the methods of traditional fi ngerprint morphology,thereby capable of getting clearer three levels of fingerprint details.Therefore,more abundance of evidence can be provided from fingerprint identification.In addition,gold nanoparticles can also specifically combine with exogenous compounds(e.g.,RDX and other explosives)so as to further improve their accuracy and sensitivity of detection.Here,the review was made about the research progress of gold nanoparticles in LFPs development,having summarized the developing principles of gold nanoparticles in the method of powder/metal deposition/functional development and the relevant new technologies,together with the comparison among their characteristics,sensitivity,timeliness,application and the various applicable scope.Some references would be

关 键 词：指纹学 金纳米粒子 潜指纹 潜指纹显现技术 

分 类 号：DF794.1[政治法律—诉讼法学]