玉树地区藏族传统民居墙体营建技艺研究  

Study on the Construction Technology of Traditional Tibetan Dwellings of Yushu Region

作　　者：张群[1] 李少鹏 王青[1] 成辉[1] ZHANG Qun;LI Shaopeng;WANG Qing;CHENG Hui

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2020年第3期84-90,共7页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(51678466);国家重点研发计划子课题(2017YFC0702404-01)。

摘　　要：自2010年震后,玉树藏族传统民居为外界人们所熟知,随着玉树地区的重建,现代城市建筑文化被引入,导致当地藏族传统民居日益遭到侵蚀而锐减,民居文化的传承面临危机。本文从营建技艺的角度,运用类型学的方法,对玉树地区通天河流域和南部囊谦县典型藏族传统民居的墙体进行测绘、分析、归纳,旨在首先为玉树地区藏族民居墙体营造技艺研究提供重要的基础性资料,其次为当地建筑文化传承和新地域建筑的创作提供理论参考,并为全国范围内民居营建技艺的研究提供一种研究方法。Since the 2010 earthquake,the traditional Tibetan dwellings of Yushu region in a specific natural environment and social environment have been known to the outside world.It contains a unique wisdom of construction technology.Under the background of rapid urbanization,with the reconstruction of Yushu region,a lot of modern urban architectural culture and technology were introduced,and thus there is many problems copying the urban architectural form and breaking-off lost the national and regional culture.Consequently,it leads to the sharp decrease of the traditional Tibetan dwellings in Yushu region,and the inheritance of the traditional Tibetan dwellings culture is facing a crisis in Yushu region.Therefore,it is the target to seek the junction between new technology,new form and traditional architectural culture,and the research on traditional residential architectural techniques in Yushu region is core.This paper takes traditional Tibetan dwellings of Yushu region as the research object,and takes coverage and typicality as the principle.From the perspective of construction technology,using typology,this paper selects wall of the typical Tibetan dwellings located in the Tongtian River basin of Yushu region and Nangqian region as typical cases of study.Firstly,it states the background of traditional Tibetan dwellings of Yushu based on literature research and field research,and summarizes building types of the wall according to the mapping drawing.Secondly,we study on the construction technology of traditional Tibetan dwellings of Yushu region from material of wall,type of wall,form of construction and node of construction aspects,and analyze categorization by using typology.It contains:1)the wall material is divided into stone,raw soil and wood,which is divided into eight categories,too.And their characteristics are analyzed;2)according to the building materials and combination methods,the wall is divided into two categories:single material wall and composite material wall,and contains seven minor ones.3)study the

关 键 词：玉树地区 地域性 藏族传统民居 墙体类型 营建技艺 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]