Cr^6+、Pb^2+和Ni^2+对莱茵衣藻的毒性效应研究  

Toxic Effects of Different Metals on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

作　　者：魏思洁 马馨月 张超[1] 柯檀 张渝蕊 陈兰洲[1] WEI Sijie;MA Xinyue;ZHANG Chao;KE Tan;ZHANG Yurui;CHEN Lanzhou(School of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学资源与环境科学学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2020年第3期40-47,共8页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31370421,31870432)。

摘　　要：以莱茵衣藻为受试生物,利用快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学分析和毒理测试方法,开展了3种典型重金属(Cr6+、Pb2+和Ni2+)对莱茵衣藻的单一毒性效应试验,分析不同种类和不同浓度的重金属对莱茵衣藻光合活性和抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明:不同浓度的3种重金属均能降低莱茵衣藻的叶绿素荧光产量和相应的光合参数(Fv/Fm、RC/CS0、ET0/TR0和ET0/ABS),抑制莱茵衣藻的光合活性,降低莱茵衣藻的SOD活性,并增加莱茵衣藻的MDA含量,对莱茵衣藻造成一定的氧化损伤,且随重金属浓度和处理时间的增加,对莱茵衣藻的抑制和损伤作用加剧;但莱茵衣藻对不同种类和不同浓度重金属的毒性效应响应程度存在一定的差异,Cr6+胁迫在其低浓度和短时间内即对莱茵衣藻表现出显著的抑制效果,而Ni2+胁迫随其浓度的增加对莱茵衣藻的ET0/TR0、ET0/ABS参数和MDA含量的抑制效果不明显;参数Fv/Fm是对重金属毒性效应响应最敏感的毒性评价指标,结合其半数效应浓度(EC50)值得出3种重金属对莱茵衣藻的毒性效应强度排序为Cr6+>Pb2+>Ni2+。该研究结果可为莱茵衣藻在重金属污染水体监测中的应用提供参考。This paper investigates the effects of Cr6+,Pb2+and Ni2+on the photosynthetic activity and antioxidant system of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by the methods of rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induction kinetics analysis and toxicological test method.In the single toxicity effect test,the paper analyzes the effect of different types and concentration of heavy metals on the photosynthetic activity and antioxidant system of C.reinhardtii.The results indicate that different concentrations of all three heavy metals inhibit the photosynthetic activity of C.reinhardtii by decreasing the chlorophyll fluorescence yield and photosynthetic parameters(Fv/Fm,RC/CS0,ET0/TR0,and ET0/ABS).The heavy metals also reduce the SOD activity and increase the MDA content of C.reinhardtii,which causes certain oxidative damage to C.reinhardtii,and the damage increases with the increase of heavy metal concentration and time period.However,C.reinhardtii has different toxic responses to different kinds and concentrations of heavy metals as Cr6+stress shows significant inhibition at low concentration and short time period,while Ni2+stress inhibits ET0/TR0,ET0/ABS and MDA content of C.reinhardtii non-significantly.Fv/Fm is the most sensitive index to the response to the toxic effect of heavy metals,and the order of toxicity intensity of heavy metals to C.reinhardtii is:Cr6+>Pb2+>Ni2+.The results can provide a reference for monitoring the heavy metal contaminated aquatic environment by C.reinhardtii.

关 键 词：CR^6+ PB^2+ NI^2+ 莱茵衣藻 毒性效应 快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学分析 毒理测试方法 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]