基于低秩稀疏分解算法的航空锥齿轮故障诊断  

Fault diagnosis of aero-engine bevel gear based on a low rank sparse model

作　　者：陈礼顺 张晗[3] 陈雪峰 程礼[2] 曾林[2] CHEN Lishun;ZHANG Han;CHEN Xuefeng;CHENG Li;ZENG Lin(Institute of Navigation(Civil Aviation),Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China;Aeronautics Engineering College,Air Force Engineering University,Xi’an 710038,China;Key Laboratory of Road Construction Technology and Equipment,Ministry of Education,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710064,China;Manufacturing Engineering College,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710049,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学通航(民航)学院,南昌330063 [2]空军工程大学航空工程学院,西安710038 [3]长安大学工程机械学院道路施工技术与装备教育部重点实验室,西安710064 [4]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2020年第12期103-112,共10页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家973项目(2015CB057400);国家自然科学基金(51175509)。

摘　　要：锥齿轮是航空发动机传动系统改变传动方向和传递功率的核心部件,常工作于高速、重载的条件下,不可避免发生齿面损伤及疲劳断裂等故障,其故障模式复杂、背景噪声强烈,难以有效诊断。针对上述问题,研究了旋转机械特征的自相似属性,分析了观测信号中干扰信息和特征信息的奇异值分布差异性,建立了二维特征矩阵的奇异值稀疏低秩先验,并将其建模为稀疏核范数正则描述,进而构建了低秩稀疏分解模型,提出了基于广义块坐标优化理论的模型求解算法框架。将算法用于滑油附件锥齿轮的故障诊断,有效地辨识了潜在的故障,并与经典的稀疏正则和标准的谱峭度算法进行对比分析,结果证实了算法的优越性。Bevel gears are a key component in aero-engine transmission systems,which always work in harsh environment such as high speed and high load.Therefore,they inevitably suffer performance degradation.However,the observed signals are also contaminated by strong background noises and harmonic interferences.In the work,a novel low rank sparse decomposition method was proposed for aero-engine bevel gear fault diagnosis.Firstly,due to the self-similarity of impulsive feature,an adaptive partition window was designed to transform the impulsive feature into a data matrix.By performing the SVD decomposition,the singular value distribution of feature signal exhibited sparse property,and then the sparse low rank prior of feature signal was established,which was further modeled by nuclear norm.Subsequently,by incorporating the classic sparse learning model and the nuclear norm of feature signal,a novel sparse low rank model was proposed.Furthermore,a proximal gradient based on block coordinate decent solver was also developed.The effectiveness of the proposed model and algorithm were evaluated through performing the diagnosis of aero-engine bevel gears.

关 键 词：锥齿轮 航空发动机 稀疏分解 低秩 自相似 

分 类 号：V263.6[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程] TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]