风险治理导向下的城市综合防灾规划路径探讨  

Discussion of Urban Comprehensive Disaster Prevention Planning under the Guidance of Risk Governance

作　　者：王思成 运迎霞[1] 任利剑 WANG Si-cheng;YUN Ying-xia;REN Li-jian

机构地区：[1]天津大学建筑学院 [2]贵州大学建筑与城市规划学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2020年第3期127-133,共7页South Architecture

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(13&ZD162):基于智慧技术的滨海大城市安全策略与综合防灾措施研究。

摘　　要：基于"城市病"风险源头治理的安全城市建设诉求,从精细化风险管理视角,识别当前我国城市综合防灾规划编制及实施的现实困境,提出耦合"全过程"风险防控体系的规划路径,并结合实证从区域、城区、社区三个层级分析安全风险治理导向下的规划策略。在城市综合防灾规划工作中,存在整体认知错位导致规划实施低效、设防标准多样导致防灾能力失真、责权事权混乱导致多规对立等矛盾。应在城市综合防灾规划准备、编制及实施阶段,将风险监测、评估、管控技术融入到多层级防灾空间规划中,形成全生命周期风险治理体系。Based on"urban disease"risk source governance for safe city construction,current barriers to the compilation and implementation of urban comprehensive disaster prevention planning in China were identified from the perspective of refined risk management.A"whole-process"risk prevention path and a control system were proposed.Moreover,planning strategies under region-level,city-level,and community-level safety risk governance were developed by combining empirical studies.The findings highlight that in urban comprehensive disaster prevention planning,there are some contradictions.For example,overall cognitive dislocation leads to inefficient planning implementation;there is a distortion of disaster prevention ability caused by the diversity of prevention standards;confusion about authority leads to multiple contradictory rules.It is suggested that risk monitoring be combined with assessment and control techniques for the multi-level fire-proof space planning during preparation,compilation,and implementation of urban comprehensive disaster prevention plans,thus forming a full-lifecycle risk governance system.

关 键 词：安全风险治理 综合防灾 风险评估 规划管理 

分 类 号：TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计] X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治]