Diverse Asgard archaea including the novel phylum Gerdarchaeota participate in organic matter degradation  

作　　者：Mingwei Cai Yang Liu Xiuran Yin Zhichao Zhou Michael WFriedrich Tim Richter Heitmann Rolf Nimzyk Ajinkya Kulkarni Xiaowen Wang Wenjin Li Jie Pan Yuchun Yang Ji-Dong Gu Meng Li 

机构地区：[1]Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Microbiome Engineering,Institute for Advanced Study,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China [2]Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province,College of Optoelectronic Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China [3]Microbial Ecophysiology Group,Faculty of Biology/Chemistry,University of Bremen,Bremen D-28359,Germany [4]MARUM,Center for Marine Environmental Sciences,University of Bremen,Bremen D-28359,Germany [5]Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology and Toxicology,School of Biological Sciences,The University of Hong Kong,Hong Kong 99077 China [6]Department of Microbe-Plant Interactions,Faculty of Biology/Chemistry,University of Bremen,Bremen D-28359,Giermany

出　　处：《Science China(Life Sciences)》2020年第6期886-897,共12页中国科学（生命科学英文版）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91851105, 31622002, 31970105, 31600093, and 31700430);the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20170818091727570 and KQTD20180412181334790);the Key Project of Department of Education of Guangdong Province (2017KZDXM071);the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2018M633111);the DFG (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) Cluster of Excellence EXC 309 “The Ocean in the Earth System - MARUM - Center for Marine Environmental Sciences” (project ID 49926684);the University of Bremen。

摘　　要：Asgard is an archaeal superphylum that might hold the key to understand the origin of eukaryotes, but its diversity and ecological roles remain poorly understood. Here, we reconstructed 15 metagenomic-assembled genomes from coastal sediments covering most known Asgard archaea and a novel group, which is proposed as a new Asgard phylum named as the "Gerdarchaeota".Genomic analyses predict that Gerdarchaeota are facultative anaerobes in utilizing both organic and inorganic carbon. Unlike their closest relatives Heimdallarchaeota, Gerdarchaeota have genes encoding for cellulase and enzymes involved in the tetrahydromethanopterin-based Wood–Ljungdahl pathway. Transcriptomics showed that most of our identified Asgard archaea are capable of degrading organic matter, including peptides, amino acids and fatty acids, occupying ecological niches in different depths of layers of the sediments. Overall, this study broadens the diversity of the mysterious Asgard archaea and provides evidence for their ecological roles in coastal sediments.

关 键 词：Asgard archaea Gerdarchaeota coastal sediment METAGENOME metatranscriptome 

分 类 号：Q933[生物学—微生物学]