环境因子对大兴安岭天然落叶松次生林主要树种更新的影响  

Effects of Environmental Factors on Regeneration of Major Species in Larch Secondary Forest of Daxing’an Mountains

作　　者：祝子枭 刘兆刚[1] 董灵波[2] 陈莹 张凌宇 由珈齐 Zhu Zixiao;Liu Zhaogang;Dong Lingbo;Chen Ying;Zhang Lingyu;Qu Jiaqi(Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院、森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室(东北林业大学),哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《东北林业大学学报》2020年第6期135-141,共7页Journal of Northeast Forestry University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0504103);黑龙江省森林可持续经营试验示范区建设项目(201522-2);黑龙江头雁创新团队计划(森林资源高效培育技术研发团队)。

摘　　要：以大兴安岭2018-2019年57块天然落叶松(Larix gmelinii)次生林样地调查数据为基础,将更新苗按高度级(h)划分为幼苗(h<30 cm)、小苗(30 cm≤h<130 cm)、幼树(h≥130 cm);选取25个环境因子,其中12个林分因子、13个土壤因子;采用冗余分析对标准地不同高度等级的大兴安岭落叶松、白桦(Betula platyphylla)更新苗密度与环境因子之间的关系进行排序分析,并运用变差分解方法对影响林分更新的林分因子、土壤因子进行量化,分析林分因子、土壤因子对大兴安岭天然落叶松次生林主要树种更新的影响。结果表明:①影响大兴安岭天然落叶松次生林主要树种更新的关键因子为林分平均高、林分郁闭度、枯落物厚度、草本盖度、腐殖质层全氮质量分数;这5个环境因子对落叶松、白桦更新密度的影响,累计贡献率达57.1%,林分因子对更新密度的影响大于土壤因子。②整体上,落叶松、白桦更新密度,与林分平均高、草本盖度呈负相关,与枯落物厚度、郁闭度、腐殖质层全氮质量分数呈正相关。大兴安岭地区幼苗更新严重不足,大部分区域缺乏幼苗更新,整体更新不良。With the survey data of 57 Larix gmelinii secondary forest sample plots in the Daxing’an Mountains in 2018-2019,we divided the renewal sapling into seedling(h<30 cm),plantlet(30 cm≤h<130 cm),treelet(h≥130 cm)according to the height level(h),and selected 25 environmental factors involving 12 forest stand factors and 13 soil factors,and by the redundancy analysis,analyzed the relationship between density and environmental factors of renewal sapling of L.gmelinii and Betula platyphylla in standard areas in the Daxing’an Mountains according to the height level.We used the variation decomposition method to quantify the forest stand factors and soil factors affecting forest stand renewal,and thereby analyzed the impact of forest stand factors and soil factors on the renewal of major tree species in the L.gmelinii secondary forest in the Daxing’an Mountains.The results show that:the key factors affecting the renewal of major tree species of L.gmelinii secondary forest in the Daxing’an Mountains are the mean forest stand height,forest stand canopy density,thickness of withered litters,herb coverage,humus horizon’s total nitrogen mass fraction;all of such five environmental factors share a total contribution rate of 57.1%for the impact on the renewal density of L.gmelinii and B.platyphylla,and the forest stand factors contribute a higher impact on the renewal density than the soil factors.The renewal density of both L.gmelinii and B.platyphylla is negatively correlated to the mean forest stand height and herb coverage,but positively correlated to the thickness of withered litters,forest stand canopy density and humus horizon’s total nitrogen content.There is seriously short of seedling renewal in the Daxing’an Mountains,and there is lack of seedling renewal in most regions in the Daxing’an Mountains,and the overall renewal is not favorable in the Daxing’an Mountains.

关 键 词：落叶松林 白桦林 次生林 林分更新 环境因子 大兴安岭 

分 类 号：S754.1[农业科学—森林经理学]