Tennant法在河流生态基流计算中的适用性探讨——以福建省东南沿海地区为例  

Applicability of Tennant method in rivers in southeast coastal areas of Fujian Province

作　　者：朱敏翔 杨柳 杨超 牟鑫亮 李晨 岳东霞[1] ZHU Minxiang;YANG Liu;YANG Chao;MOU Xinliang;LI Chen;YUE Dongxia(College of Earth and Environment Science,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Faculty of Geographical Science,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,甘肃兰州730000 [2]北京师范大学地理科学学部,北京100875

出　　处：《人民长江》2020年第4期59-64,共6页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1501005);国家自然科学基金项目(41671516)。

摘　　要：Tennant法在生态基流的计算中得到广泛的应用,但该方法存在着局限性。以福建省东南沿海地区九龙江、晋江、木兰溪、东溪作为研究区,探讨Tennant法在该区域的适用性。结果表明:利用Tennant法分丰、枯两个时期计算求得的各河流生态基流量均小于河流最小月平均流量,说明Tennant法不适用于径流量年内和年际变化大的河流。以九龙江北溪为例进一步分析可知,该河流下游河段河床坡降较小,过水面积较大,断面流速、主槽水深以及水面宽度与多年平均流量百分比的关系曲线都较为平缓,无法支持将多年平均流量的10%作为河道健康的关键点或下限。Tennant法采用多年平均流量和百分数结合的形式计算生态基流,不适用于东南沿海诸河流。Tennant method is widely used in the calculation of ecological basic flow,but it has limitations.Jiulong River,Jinjiang River,Mulan Stream and Dongxi Stream in southeast coastal areas of Fujian Province were selected as examples to study the applicability of the Tennant method in this area.The results showed that the ecological base flows calculated by the Tennant method were smaller than the minimum monthly average flow of the rivers,indicating that the Tennant method is not suitable for calculating runoff with large annual and inter-annual variations.Taking the Beixi of Jiulong River as an example for further analysis,the riverbed in the lower reaches of the river has a smaller riverbed slope and larger water passing area.The relationships between cross-sectional flow velocity,the water depth of the main channel,the water surface width and the percentage of annual average flow were relatively flat,which was not possible to regard 10%of the average annual flow as a key or lower limit for river health.Tennant method,calculating ecological base flow with the combination of multi-year average flow and percentage,is not applicable for rivers in the southeast coast of China.

关 键 词：生态基流 TENNANT法 多年平均流量 适用性 福建省 东南沿海地区 

分 类 号：TV213.2[水利工程—水文学及水资源] X143[环境科学与工程—环境科学]