糖料蔗不同节水灌溉模式下生态环境效益综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation on the ecological-environmental benefit among different water-saving irrigation of sugarcane cultivation

作　　者：吴建强[1] 谭娟[1] 吴卫熊 黄凯 白杨[3] WU Jian-qiang;TAN Juan;WU Wei-xiong;HUANG Kai;BAI Yang(Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai 200233,China;Guangxi Institute of Hydraulic Research,Nanning 530023,China;Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xishuangbanna 666303,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市环境科学研究院,上海200233 [2]广西壮族自治区水利科学研究院,广西南宁530023 [3]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园,云南西双版纳666303

出　　处：《环境生态学》2020年第6期61-67,72,共8页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：广西壮族自治区水利厅科技项目(GXZC2018-G3-16985-GXGL)资助。

摘　　要：广西作为中国糖料蔗主产区,干旱缺水成为制约糖料蔗高产稳产的主要因素,节水灌溉技术在该区域糖料蔗种植领域得到大力推广,而如何科学合理地选择节水灌溉模式是目前迫切需要研究的问题。本研究从糖料蔗生产、生态调节和资源利用三方面构建指标体系,评价不同节水灌溉模式糖料蔗生态环境综合效益。结果表明,与无灌溉相比,节水灌溉模式产生了显著的生产和生态环境效益,其中,地埋滴灌、地表滴灌、微喷、喷灌和管灌综合效益指数分别比无灌溉模式高45.79%、26.39%、16.67%、13.89%和13.81%。不同节水灌溉模式生态环境综合效益呈现出明显差异,以地埋滴灌模式单向效益和综合效益指数均为最高,其综合效益指数分别比地表滴灌、微喷、喷灌、管灌和无灌溉高15.36%、25.30%、27.82%、27.84%、46.60%。节水灌溉对糖料蔗生产具有正向促进作用,而地埋滴灌模式则是该地区糖料蔗种植的最优节水灌溉模式。As the main producing area of sugarcane in China,drought and water shortage became the main restrictive factor of high and stable yield of sugarcane in Guangxi,water-saving irrigation technology has been vigorously promoted in this field.How to select the most suitable mode of water-saving irrigation model scientifically and rationally is an urgent problem to be studied at present.This research built an evaluation index system from sugarcane growth,ecological benefit and resource utilization aspects in order to evaluate the comprehensive benefits of ecological environment among different water-saving irrigation modes.The results showed that compared with non-irrigation mode,water-saving irrigation modes have produced remarkable production and ecological environmental benefits.Among them,the comprehensive benefit indexes of buried drip irrigation,surface drip irrigation,spray irrigation,sprinkling irrigation and pipe irrigation are 45.79%,26.39%,16.67%,13.89%and 13.81%higher than those of non-irrigation mode,respectively.The comprehensive benefits of different water-saving irrigation modes are obviously different,with the one-way and comprehensive benefit indexes of buried drip irrigation mode the highest.The comprehensive benefit indexes of buried drip irrigation mode are 15.36%,25.30%,27.82%,27.84%and 46.60%higher than those of surface drip irrigation,spray irrigation,sprinkling irrigation,pipe irrigation and non-irrigation,respectively.Water saving irrigation has a positive effect on sugarcane production,and buried drip irrigation is the best water-saving irrigation mode for sugarcane planting in this area.

关 键 词：糖料蔗 节水灌溉 指标体系 生态效益 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]