贵州茶农使用农药行为及其影响因素分析  

Analysis on the Behavior of Tea Famers Using Pesticides and Its Influencing Factors in Guizhou Province

作　　者：郭灿 林开勤 吕洁杰 封运银 张金峰 杨肖委 郑元利 高秀兵 GUO Can;LIN Kai-qin;LV Jie-jie;FENG Yun-yin;ZHANG Jin-feng;YANG Xiao-wei;ZHENG Yuan-li;GAO Xiu-bing(Guizhou Tea Research Institute,Guiyang 550006,China;Agricultural Technology Research and Extension Center of Qiongzhong Li and Miao Autonomous County,Qiongzhong 572900,China;College of Agriculture,Guizhou University,Guiyang 572900,China;Horticultural Institute of Zunyi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zunyi 563100,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省茶叶研究所,贵州贵阳550006 [2]琼中黎族苗族自治县农业技术研究推广中心,海南琼中572900 [3]贵州大学农学院,贵州贵阳550009 [4]遵义农业科学研究院园艺所,贵州遵义563100

出　　处：《茶叶通讯》2020年第2期334-338,共5页Journal of Tea Communication

基　　金：贵州省农业科技攻关项目(黔科合NY字[2014]3002,黔科合NZ字[2012]3022,黔科合NY字[2011]3042);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合支撑[2016]2570)。

摘　　要：以实地采访和发放问卷形式,随机对贵州省5个产茶区的17个重点产茶市(县)216名涉茶农户农药使用行为进行调查,并分析其影响因素。结果表明,贵州茶农农药使用行为存在使用次数过多、农药种类偏少、用药剂量欠精准、施药器械老旧、用药安全间隔期认知差和自我保护意识差等问题;而茶农使用农药行为主要受经验、农药价格、培训认知等方面影响。据此,提出建立茶园农药专柜和茶园农药销售专证,严把农药渠道来源;加强农药市场监管,建立茶叶绿色生产补贴制度;加大对贵州茶农的技术培训,提高茶农安全生产认知水平;加大茶园施药机械购置补贴力度,提高农药施用效率的建议。In this paper,216 tea farmers in 17 key tea producing cities(counties)in 5 tea producing areas of Guizhou Province were investigated by field interview and questionnaire,and the influencing factors were analyzed.The results show that there are some problems with the behavior of tea farmers using pesticide in Guizhou,such as too many times of use,too few kinds of pesticides,imprecise dosage,old equipment,poor cognition of safety interval and poor consciousness of self-protection.Moreover,the behavior of tea farmers using pesticides is mainly affected by personal experience,price of pesticide,training cognition and so on.Therefore,four suggestions are proposed as followings:(1)To strictly control the source of pesticide channels by establishing the tea garden pesticide counters and pesticide sales certificate;(2)The government departments should strengthen the supervision of pesticide market,and establish the subsidy system of green production for tea;(3)To increase the technical training for tea growers in Guizhou,and improve the awareness level of tea farmers’safety production;(4)To increase the purchase subsidy of tea garden pesticide machinery,and enhance the efficiency of pesticide application.

关 键 词：贵州 茶农 农药使用行为 影响因素 建议 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] S482[农业科学—作物学]